“…For example, there exists a large number of studies investigating how CLIN may be affected by linguistic typology and psychotypology (Kellerman, 1979(Kellerman, , 1983Hall, 1992;Matz, Teschmer & Weise, 1988;Ringbom, 1986;Cenoz, 2003), proficiency in each of the languages (Kroll & Stewart, 1994;McElree, Jia & Litvak, 2000;Ringbom, 1986Ringbom, , 1987Talamas, Kroll & Dufour, 1999), motivation and attitudes towards them (Hammarberg, 2001), and the status of each of these languages within the psycholinguistic multilingual system (Meisel, 1983). Later works have also investigated factors in the fourth category regarding event-specific elements which may increase or decrease the amount of CLIN, such as the type of task (Ecke, 2001;Herwig, 2001) and level of formality of the interaction (Dewaele, 2001).…”