“…[20] and corresponds to a parametrization of a lattice QCD calculation, at high temperatures, smoothly connected to a parametrization of the hadron resonance gas at lower temperatures. At temperatures below T ch = 0.16 GeV, this equation of state follows a partial chemical equilibrium prescription, which assumes that ratios of particle multiplicity remain fixed for all T < T ch [17,21].…”
Section: B Relativistic Dissipative Fluid Dynamicsmentioning
The penetrating nature of electromagnetic signals makes them suitable probes to explore the properties of the strongly-interacting medium created in relativistic nuclear collisions. We examine the effects of the initial conditions and shear relaxation time on the spectra and flow coefficients of electromagnetic probes, using an event-by-event 3+1D viscous hydrodynamic simulation (music).
“…[20] and corresponds to a parametrization of a lattice QCD calculation, at high temperatures, smoothly connected to a parametrization of the hadron resonance gas at lower temperatures. At temperatures below T ch = 0.16 GeV, this equation of state follows a partial chemical equilibrium prescription, which assumes that ratios of particle multiplicity remain fixed for all T < T ch [17,21].…”
Section: B Relativistic Dissipative Fluid Dynamicsmentioning
The penetrating nature of electromagnetic signals makes them suitable probes to explore the properties of the strongly-interacting medium created in relativistic nuclear collisions. We examine the effects of the initial conditions and shear relaxation time on the spectra and flow coefficients of electromagnetic probes, using an event-by-event 3+1D viscous hydrodynamic simulation (music).
“…Chemical potentials of the resonance species are determined in accord with the model of partially chemically frozen gas [12]. It assumes that after the chemical freeze-out [13] the effective numbers of particles decaying weakly (and thus slowly) stay fixed while the strong (and therefore fast) interactions stay in equilibrium.…”
Section: The Freeze-out State In Central Collisionsmentioning
I analyse the identified single-particle p t spectra and two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations from RHIC. They indicate a massive transverse expansion and rather short lifetime of the system. The quantitative analysis in framework of the blast-wave model yields, however, unphysical results and suggests that the model may not be applicable in description of two-particle correlations. I then discuss generalisations of the blast-wave model to noncentral collisions and the question how spatial asymmetry can be disentangled from flow asymmetry in measurements of v 2 and azimuthally sensitive HBT radii.
“…However, it has been discussed whether this is really an appropriate description. Some authors have argued that an over-dense pionic system is created in the initial stage of the collision and that the fireball remains out of equilibrium due to the long relaxation time [31,32]. In other models μ π becomes finite after the number of pions is fixed at the chemical freeze-out but the system further cools and extends [10,33].…”
Abstract. Dilepton production in heavy-ion collisions at top SPS energy is investigated within a coarse-graining approach that combines an underlying microscopic evolution of the nuclear reaction with the application of medium-modified spectral functions. Extracting local energy and baryon density for a grid of small space-time cells and going to each cell's rest frame enables to determine local temperature and chemical potential by application of an equation of state. This allows for the calculation of thermal dilepton emission. We apply and compare two different spectral functions for the ρ: A hadronic many-body calculation and an approach that uses empirical scattering amplitudes. Quantitatively good agreement of the model calculations with the data from the NA60 collaboration is achieved for both spectral functions, but in detail the hadronic many-body approach leads to a better description, especially of the broadening around the pole mass of the ρ and for the low-mass excess. We further show that the presence of a pion chemical potential significantly influences the dilepton yield.
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