The role of the cytoskeletal proteins MreB and FtsZ in multicellular cyanobacteria

Springstein, Benjamin L.; Weißenbach, Julia; Koch, Robin; Stücker, Fenna; Stucken, Karina

doi:10.1002/2211-5463.13016

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Consecutive Z-rings from neighbouring cells in the Anabaena trichome align parallel to each other. Z-rings from deeply-constricted Synechocystis daughter cells, however, form Z-rings that are perpendicular to each other [ 116 ], reminiscent of what we observed for true-branching subsection V cyanobacteria [ 77 ]. Using photobleaching of cyanobacterial autofluorescence coupled to super-resolution microscopy (STORM; stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy) of the unicellular, coccoid-shaped Prochlorococcus sp.…”

Section: The Cyanobacterial Cell Division Complex—function and Regmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In all these cyanobacteria, the loss of mreB was accompanied by the loss of the complete mreBCD operon [ 77 ]. Among the myriad cyanobacterial shapes, all multicellular or baeocyte-forming cyanobacteria, independent of their cell shape, had a complete mreBCD operon, suggesting that the coccoid shape in some of those multicellular cyanobacteria is achieved by alternative mechanisms than simply a lack of MreB [ 77 ]. Few other cyanobacterial taxa have retained only a copy of mreB on their genomes and lack mreC and mreD .…”

Section: How Do Cyanobacteria Modify Their Cell Shape?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few other cyanobacterial taxa have retained only a copy of mreB on their genomes and lack mreC and mreD . For example, the multicellular cyanobacterium Trichodesmium erythraeum contains only a partial mreBCD operon that lacks mreD , while the filamentous helical shaped Arthrospira maxima CS-328 only encodes for mreB [ 77 ]. Likewise, the helical shaped Helicobacter pylori contains both MreB and MreC but lacks MreD.…”

Section: How Do Cyanobacteria Modify Their Cell Shape?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…F. muscicola also shows alternative growth modes that include apical, septal, and lateral trichome growth, although it is still not known how MreB contributes to cell shape or PG synthesis in this cyanobacterium. Deletions of mreB could not be obtained in F. muscicola , but overexpression of GFP-MreB from the copper inducible petE promoter showed alternative MreB localization in the different cell morphotypes (hormogonia, young and mature trichomes) from F. muscicola [ 77 ]. Further assessment of mreB regulation and localization dynamics in the different morphotypes is necessary to elucidate the role of this protein in the morphogenesis of complex multicellular and branching cyanobacteria.…”

Section: How Do Cyanobacteria Modify Their Cell Shape?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An intriguing hypothesis is that in heterocysts, proteolytic FtsZ degradation is specifically increased, thus abolishing Z-ring formations (i.e., cell division). Although not shown to be specific to or increased in heterocysts, FtsZ-specific proteases were discovered in Anabaena , F. muscicola and C. fritschii cell extracts but not in the extracts of the non-cell differentiating Synechocystis or E. coli [ 77 , 157 ]. The precise nature of these proteases remains unknown but it was found to only cleave natively folded FtsZ in Anabaena , thus being structure and not sequence-specific [ 157 ].…”

Section: The Cyanobacterial Cell Division Complex—function and Regmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Determinants and Their Role in Cyanobacterial Morphogenesis

Springstein

Nürnberg

Weiss

et al. 2020

Life

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Cells have to erect and sustain an organized and dynamically adaptable structure for an efficient mode of operation that allows drastic morphological changes during cell growth and cell division. These manifold tasks are complied by the so-called cytoskeleton and its associated proteins. In bacteria, FtsZ and MreB, the bacterial homologs to tubulin and actin, respectively, as well as coiled-coil-rich proteins of intermediate filament (IF)-like function to fulfil these tasks. Despite generally being characterized as Gram-negative, cyanobacteria have a remarkably thick peptidoglycan layer and possess Gram-positive-specific cell division proteins such as SepF and DivIVA-like proteins, besides Gram-negative and cyanobacterial-specific cell division proteins like MinE, SepI, ZipN (Ftn2) and ZipS (Ftn6). The diversity of cellular morphologies and cell growth strategies in cyanobacteria could therefore be the result of additional unidentified structural determinants such as cytoskeletal proteins. In this article, we review the current advances in the understanding of the cyanobacterial cell shape, cell division and cell growth.

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Section: The Cyanobacterial Cell Division Complex—function and Regmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: How Do Cyanobacteria Modify Their Cell Shape?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: How Do Cyanobacteria Modify Their Cell Shape?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: How Do Cyanobacteria Modify Their Cell Shape?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Cyanobacterial Cell Division Complex—function and Regmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Structural Determinants and Their Role in Cyanobacterial Morphogenesis

Springstein

Nürnberg

Weiss

et al. 2020

Life

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Cyanobacterial membrane dynamics in the light of eukaryotic principles

Siebenaller

Schneider

2023

Bioscience Reports

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Intracellular compartmentalization is a hallmark of eukaryotic cells. Dynamic membrane remodeling, involving membrane fission/fusion events, clearly is crucial for cell viability and function, as well as membrane stabilization and/or repair, e.g., during or after injury. In recent decades, several proteins involved in membrane stabilization and/or dynamic membrane remodeling have been identified and described in eukaryotes. Yet, while typically not having a cellular organization as complex as eukaryotes, also bacteria can contain extra internal membrane systems besides the cytoplasmic membranes. Thus, also in bacteria mechanisms must have evolved to stabilize membranes and/or trigger dynamic membrane remodeling processes. In fact, in recent years proteins, which were initially defined being eukaryotic inventions, have been recognized also in bacteria, and likely these proteins shape membranes also in these organisms. One example of a complex prokaryotic inner membrane system is the thylakoid membrane of cyanobacteria, which contains the complexes of the photosynthesis light reaction. Cyanobacteria are evolutionary closely related to chloroplasts, and extensive remodeling of the internal membrane systems has been observed in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria during membrane biogenesis and/or at changing light conditions. We here discuss common principles guiding eukaryotic and prokaryotic membrane dynamics and the proteins involved, with a special focus on the dynamics of the cyanobacterial thylakoid and cytoplasmic membranes.

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