The Role of the Cricothyroid Joint Anatomy in Cricothyroid Approximation Surgery

Relationship of the Cricothyroid Space with Vocal Range in Female Singers

“…These techniques have become the standard methods used to raise vocal pitch (Storck et al, 2011), especially in male to female transgender subjects (Yang et al, 2002).…”

“…For this reason it has become the standard procedure to raise vocal pitch (Storck, et al, 2011) especially in male to female transgender reassignments (Yang, et al, 2002). Theoretically, the procedure is reversible (Neumann, et al, 2002;Lawrence, 2004).…”

“…Type A with its Figure A12.2: CT joints according to Maue and Dickson (1971). Oblique view of three cricoid cartilages: Type A shows a well-defined joint surface; Type B shows a flat joint surface, with only a tiny protuberance; Type C shows no definable joint surface (Storck, et al, 2011;used with permission from Elsevier) tight joint capsule, tight lateral ceratocricoid ligament, and well defined joint surface is very stable with restricted horizontal and vertical gliding movements . The other types are more mobile, with type C being the most mobile .…”

“…Through a vector geometrical analysis, Storck (2011) demonstrated that in some cases the effective rotational axis ran considerably above the CTJ, depending on whether synchronous gliding movements were occurring. This author described three positions on the cricoid where the effective rotational axis was located: the lower third of the cricoid; the middle third of the cricoid; or the upper third of the cricoid.…”

“…The anatomical and biomechanical features of the cricothyroid joint (CTJ) have been studied by several investigators (Mayet & Mundnich, 1958;Maue & Dickson, 1971;Vilkman, 1987;Vilkman, et al, 1987;Berry et al, 2003;Hammer, et al, 2010;Windisch, et al, 2010;Storck, et al, 2011). At the CTJ gliding movements occur in an anteroposterior (horizontal) and craniocaudal (vertical) direction as well as rotational movements (Figure …”