The role of the chemical environment in frictional deformation: Stress corrosion cracking and comminution

Dunning, Jeremy; Douglas, Bruce J.; Miller, Marcus; McDonald, S.

doi:10.1007/bf00874327

Cited by 90 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…[66] Though solution pH was not varied independently of other chemical components or even temperature in the experiments shown in Figure 10, results from crack propagation experiments on quartz in oxalic acid have shown that it is the solution pH (i.e., H + activity) that controls crack propagation and not other chemical species in solution [Dunning et al, 1994]. Therefore, the pH dependence observed in our quartz and feldspar experiments is most likely not affected by the different anions in solution (i.e., ).…”

Section: Effects Of Co 2 On Compaction Creep Of Wet Feldsparmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[54] Subcritical crack growth in quartz in the presence of aqueous fluids is classically explained in terms of "stress corrosion cracking" [Atkinson and Meredith, 1981;Atkinson, 1984;Dunning et al, 1994;Fisk and Michalske, 1985;Michalske and Bunker, 1987]. As mentioned above, this is thought to involve the weakening of strained Si-O bonds at the crack tip through the chemical interactions with water mentioned above (section 5.1).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Compaction Creep In the Wet Quartz Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Creep of simulated reservoir sands and coupled chemical‐mechanical effects of CO₂ injection

2010

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[1] Geological storage of CO 2 in clastic reservoirs and aquifers is expected to have a variety of coupled chemical-mechanical effects. To investigate the effects of CO 2 injection on creep phenomena, we performed uniaxial compaction experiments on granular aggregates of quartz and feldspar under both wet and dry control conditions. The experiments were performed in constant stress mode. Grain size, temperature, CO 2 partial pressure, and effective stress were varied in order to determine their individual effect. Pore fluid pH was varied by the injection of CO 2 and by addition of acidic and alkaline additives. Pore fluid salinity was increased by the addition of NaCl. Wet samples showed instantaneous compaction upon load application, followed by time-dependent creep. From the mechanical data and microstructures, the main compaction mechanism was inferred to be chemically enhanced microcracking in both quartz and feldspar, with subcritical crack growth, i.e., stress corrosion cracking, controlling deformation in the creep stage. The injection of CO 2 and the concomitant acidification of the pore fluid inhibited microcracking in both the quartz and feldspar samples in line with known effects of pH on stress corrosion cracking. We infer that the injection of CO 2 into quartz-and plagioclase-bearing sandstones will inhibit grain scale microcracking process and that related geomechanical effects, such as reservoir compaction and surface subsidence, will be negligible compared with the poroelastic response.

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Section: Effects Of Co 2 On Compaction Creep Of Wet Feldsparmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanisms Of Compaction Creep In the Wet Quartz Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creep of simulated reservoir sands and coupled chemical‐mechanical effects of CO₂ injection

2010

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“…Rostom et al [2013] suggested that tip blunting due to dissolution could explain the strengthening effect on calcite crack observed with NH 4 Cl and high ionic strength NaCl saline solutions. Dunning et al [1994] also proposed that dissolution could have a strengthening effect on crack propagation in calcite at low velocities. Calcite dissolution occurs by removing successive layers of calcium and carbonate ions through the nucleation and spreading of etch pits and the dissolution of preexisting steps at the mineral surface, whereas dislocation-induced dissolution is considered as a secondary effect [Ruiz-Agudo and Putnis, 2012].…”

Section: The Role Of Calcite Dissolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was previously shown by Dunning et al [1994] that changes in the pH of basic aqueous solutions can produce substantial shifts in crack velocity- curves for calcitic rocks. However, all the solutions used in those studies were far from equilibrium with respect to calcite, which should not be the case in natural environments where the fluids are rapidly buffered when in contact with calcite.…”

Section: Effect Of Ph Ionic Strength and Ion Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of fluid composition, salinity, and acidity on subcritical crack growth in calcite crystals

et al. 2016

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Chemically activated processes of subcritical cracking in calcite control the time‐dependent strength of this mineral, which is a major constituent of the Earth's brittle upper crust. Here experimental data on subcritical crack growth are acquired with a double torsion apparatus to characterize the influence of fluid pH (range 5–7.5) and ionic strength and species (Na2SO4, NaCl, MgSO4, and MgCl2) on the propagation of microcracks in calcite single crystals. The effect of different ions on crack healing has also been investigated by decreasing the load on the crack for durations up to 30 min and allowing it to relax and close. All solutions were saturated with CaCO3. The crack velocities reached during the experiments are in the range 10−9–10−2 m/s and cover the range of subcritical to close to dynamic rupture propagation velocities. Results show that for calcite saturated solutions, the energy necessary to fracture calcite is independent of pH. As a consequence, the effects of fluid salinity, measured through its ionic strength, or the variation of water activity have stronger effects on subcritical crack propagation in calcite than pH. Consequently, when considering the geological sequestration of CO2 into carbonate reservoirs, the decrease of pH within the range of 5–7.5 due to CO2 dissolution into water should not significantly alter the rate of fracturing of calcite. Increase in salinity caused by drying may lead to further reduction in cracking and consequently a decrease in brittle creep. The healing of cracks is found to vary with the specific ions present.

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“…Lajtai et al [19] analyzed and discussed the influence of water on the mechanical features and failure of granite. Dunning et al [20] explored the effect of chemical environment on the toughness value and crack propagation rate of rock fractures. Ning et al [21] established a chemical damage strength model for acid solutions based on the corrosive effect of different acid solutions on the cementing materials of sandstones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chemical Corrosion on the Mechanical Characteristics of Parent Rocks for Nuclear Waste Storage

Han

Shi

Chen

et al. 2016

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations

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Long-term immersion was adopted to explore the damage deterioration and mechanical properties of granite under different chemical solutions. Here, granite was selected as the candidate of parent rocks for nuclear waste storage. The physical and mechanical properties of variation regularity immersed in various chemical solutions were analyzed. Meanwhile, the damage variable based on the variation in porosity was used in the quantitative analysis of chemical damage deterioration degree. Experimental results show that granite has a significant weakening tendency after chemical corrosion. The fracture toughness IC , splitting tensile strength, and compressive strength all demonstrate the same deteriorating trend with chemical corrosion time. However, a difference exists in the deterioration degree of the mechanical parameters; that is, the deterioration degree of fracture toughness IC is the greatest followed by those of splitting tensile strength and compressive strength, which are relatively smaller. Strong acid solutions may aggravate chemical damage deterioration in granite. By contrast, strong alkaline solutions have a certain inhibiting effect on chemical damage deterioration. The chemical solutions that feature various compositions may have different effects on chemical damage degree; that is, SO 4 2− ions have a greater effect on the chemical damage in granite than HCO 3 − ions.

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The role of the chemical environment in frictional deformation: Stress corrosion cracking and comminution

Cited by 90 publications

References 29 publications

Creep of simulated reservoir sands and coupled chemical‐mechanical effects of CO₂ injection

Creep of simulated reservoir sands and coupled chemical‐mechanical effects of CO₂ injection

The effect of fluid composition, salinity, and acidity on subcritical crack growth in calcite crystals

Effect of Chemical Corrosion on the Mechanical Characteristics of Parent Rocks for Nuclear Waste Storage

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The role of the chemical environment in frictional deformation: Stress corrosion cracking and comminution

Cited by 90 publications

References 29 publications

Creep of simulated reservoir sands and coupled chemical‐mechanical effects of CO2 injection

Creep of simulated reservoir sands and coupled chemical‐mechanical effects of CO2 injection

The effect of fluid composition, salinity, and acidity on subcritical crack growth in calcite crystals

Effect of Chemical Corrosion on the Mechanical Characteristics of Parent Rocks for Nuclear Waste Storage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Creep of simulated reservoir sands and coupled chemical‐mechanical effects of CO₂ injection

Creep of simulated reservoir sands and coupled chemical‐mechanical effects of CO₂ injection