The role of the apex in the phototropic curvature of Avena coleoptiles: positive curvature under conditions of continuous illumination

Franssen, J.M.; Firn, Richard D.; Digby, J.

doi:10.1007/bf00429452

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, more recent studies clearly demonstrated that, at least for oat, each zone of the base can perceive and respond to unilateral blue light irradiation (Macleod et al, 1984). Moreover, under continuous, unilateral irradiation, phototropic curvature of plants with capped tips is comparable to that of uncapped plants, especially when gravitropic side effects are eliminated (Franssen et al, 1982). Therefore, photosensing for SPPC can occur along the entire length of the coleoptile and does not predominantly take place in the apex.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of Oat Seedlings to Blue Light Results in Amplified Phosphorylation of the Putative Photoreceptor for Phototropism and in Higher Sensitivity of the Plants to Phototropic Stimulation

Salomon¹,

Zacherl²,

Luff³

et al. 1997

Plant Physiology

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Dark recovery of blue light-induced i n vitro phosphorylation in oat (Avena safiva L.) seedlings after in vivo preirradiation with blue light revealed different recovery kinetics for the coleoptile base and tip. Although, in both cases, maximum in vitro phosphorylation was observed 90 min after i n vivo blue light treatment, the phosphorylation levels for the entire base were about 3-fold higher than those found in nonpreirradiated plants. l h e tip response only slightly exceeded that of the dark controls. l h e fluence applied during preirradiation determined the extent of the increase in phosphorylation. Consequently, unilateral irradiation and subsequent dark incubation resulted in a more pronounced increase in phosphorylation in the irradiated than in the shaded side of the coleoptile base. Furthermore, blue light-irradiation conditions, known to induce neither first-nor second-positive curvature in nonpreirradiated plants, stimulated both asymmetric distribution of protein phosphorylation and second-positive phototropic curvature in the coleoptile base when administered to blue light-pretreated plants. Based on these data, we conclude that photosensitivity of the coleoptile base increases upon exposure to blue light i n a time-and fluence-dependent manner, providing an excellent explanation of the invalidity of the Bunsen-Roscoe reciprocity law for secondpositive phototropism.Phototropism has been studied in a variety of dicotyledoneous and monocotyledoneous plants over the last century (for reviews, see Firn and Digby, 1980;Briggs and Baskin, 1988;Iino, 1990; Firn, 1994). The most extensive studies on phototropic-curvature reactions were done on the coleoptile of etiolated oat (Avena sativa L.) seedlings, a classic object of phototropism research. From the fluenceresponse curves obtained by unilateral irradiation of oat coleoptiles with blue or white light at least three different types of bending reactions have been distinguished with respect to the light-stimulus intensity and duration (Briggs,

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confidence: 99%

Exposure of Oat Seedlings to Blue Light Results in Amplified Phosphorylation of the Putative Photoreceptor for Phototropism and in Higher Sensitivity of the Plants to Phototropic Stimulation

Salomon¹,

Zacherl²,

Luff³

et al. 1997

Plant Physiology

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“…Circumnutation is the process by which the growing tips of stems (and roots) create a more or less circular trajectory (e.g. Franssen, Firn & Digby, 1982; Kitazawa et al. , 2005; Karban, 2008), although elliptical, flat and/or irregular patterns have also been demonstrated (Johnsson, 1997).…”

Section: A Portent Of Pattern Behind Plant Movement?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today, modified versions of this technique are still used (although they take advantage of advances in technology developed since Darwin's time). For example, Franssen et al. (1982) placed minute glass beads on both sides of coleoptiles of Avena L. hypocotyls, illuminated them on one side and then took photographs at regular intervals.…”

Section: Darwin Was a Thorough Researcher And Experimentalistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-contemplate an entangled bank:The Power of Movement in Plantsrevisited

Edwards¹,

Moles²

2009

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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We review the ways in which two of Charles Darwin's lesser known works, The Movement and Habit of Twining Plants and The Power of Movement in Plants, stimulated 20th and 21st century research findings and philosophies. The legacy of Darwin's work permeates research on plant movement. For example, Darwin's demonstration that coleoptiles and roots fail to bend in response to light or gravity if their tips are removed helped researchers work toward the discovery of auxin and other plant hormones. Darwin's methodical observations on vine twining directions and circumnutation foreshadowed the recent discovery that 92% of vines twine in right-handed helices, regardless of their location on the planet. Finally, Darwin's observation of the similarity between plant responses to stimuli and the responses of lower animals foreshadowed the current debate over whether plants have 'behaviour'. Thus, even Darwin's lesser-known works continue to influence research in the present day.

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“…On the contrary, Franssen et al reported that phototropic curvature also takes place when the tips of coleoptiles of oat or hypocotyls of cress and cucumber are removed or fully covered with tightly fitting black tape, so the perception of the stimulus must take place in the curvature part itself 7, 8. In 1992, Kato‐Noguchi and Hasegawa also showed that the effect of light on hypocotyl curvature in radish is brought about by its exposed light absorption by the hypocotyls themselves 9.…”

Section: Objection To the Cholodny‐went Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry and biology of phototropism‐regulating substances in higher plants

Yamamura

Hasegawa

2001

The Chemical Record

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Most people are familiar with the sight of a young seedling bending towards a window or the brightest source of light to which it is exposed. This directional growth response is known as phototropism, which is caused by a lateral growth-promoting auxin in the bending organ (Cholodny-Went theory, cited in high school textbook). Recently, however, Bruinsma et al., Weiler et al., and Hasegawa et al. independently found that the shaded half did not contain more auxin than the illuminated one. Instead it was found that the even distribution of auxin was accompanied by a lateral gradient of growth inhibiting substances during phototropic curvature (Bruinsma-Hasegawa theory). We have isolated some photo-induced growth inhibitory substances related to phototropism, benzoxazolinones from light-grown maize shoots (Zea mays L.), raphanusanins from radish hypocotyl (Raphanus sativus var. hortensis f. gigantissimus M.), indolyacetonitrile from light-grown shoots (Brassica oleacea L.), 8-epixanthatin from sunflower hypocotyl (Helianthus annus L.), and quite recently uridine from oat coleoptile (Avena sativa L.). Chemical analyses have shown phototropic stimulations to cause curvature by inducing a local unequal distribution of growth-inhibiting substances that antagonize auxin in its cell-elongating activity. Finally, a model is presented for further studies on phototropism.

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The role of the apex in the phototropic curvature of Avena coleoptiles: positive curvature under conditions of continuous illumination

Cited by 31 publications

References 8 publications

Exposure of Oat Seedlings to Blue Light Results in Amplified Phosphorylation of the Putative Photoreceptor for Phototropism and in Higher Sensitivity of the Plants to Phototropic Stimulation

Exposure of Oat Seedlings to Blue Light Results in Amplified Phosphorylation of the Putative Photoreceptor for Phototropism and in Higher Sensitivity of the Plants to Phototropic Stimulation

Re-contemplate an entangled bank:The Power of Movement in Plantsrevisited

Chemistry and biology of phototropism‐regulating substances in higher plants

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