The role of the 5-hydroxytryptamine pathway in reflux-induced esophageal mucosal injury in rats

Yang, Lintao; Cai, Haifang; Tou, Jinfa; Gu, Weizhong; Shu, Xiaoli; Zhang, Ting; Yang, Xi; Shen, Zheng; Jiang, Mizu

doi:10.1186/1477-7819-10-219

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Liu et al ( 41 ) identified the expression of four subtypes of 5-HT 7 receptor throughout the rat gastrointestinal tract. Yang et al ( 42 ) concluded that a 5-HT signaling pathway disorder may be a major factor in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux and reflux esophagitis in experiments on rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of serotonin receptors in human lower esophageal sphincter

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2014

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Serotonin (5-HT) is a neurotransmitter and vasoactive amine that is involved in the regulation of a large number of physiological functions. The wide variety of 5-HT-mediated functions is due to the existence of different classes of serotonergic receptors in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract and nervous system. The aim of this study was to explore the expression of multiple types of 5-HT receptor (5-HT1AR, 5-HT2AR, 5-HT3AR, 5-HT4R, 5-HT5AR, 5-HT6R and 5-HT7R) in sling and clasp fibers from the human lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Muscle strips of sling and clasp fibers from the LES were obtained from patients undergoing esophagogastrectomy, and circular muscle strips from the esophagus and stomach were used as controls. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to investigate the expression of the various 5-HT receptor types. Messenger RNA for all seven 5-HT receptor types was identified in the sling and clasp fibers of the LES. At the mRNA level, the expression levels were highest for 5-HT3AR and 5-HT4R, and lowest for 5-HT5AR, 5-HT6R and 5-HT7R. At the protein level, the expression levels were highest for 5-HT3AR and 5-HT4R, followed by 5-HT1AR and 5-HT2AR; 5-HT7R was also detected at a low level. The expression of 5-HT5AR and 5-HT6R proteins was not confirmed. The results indicate that a variety of 5-HT receptor types can be detected in the human LES and probably contribute to LES function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of serotonin receptors in human lower esophageal sphincter

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2014

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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“…Acid‐induced esophagitis has been shown to cause significant hypomotility and peristaltic abnormalities in feline 47 and murine models 48 but Souza et al. observed that esophagitis in rats did not occur directly in response to acid contact.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrative review of the role of inflammation in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Can food allergies play a part?

Swain

2021

Lifestyle Medicine

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Acid suppression is the accepted treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease, despite being ineffective in one third of patients. Certain conditions presenting as reflux may later be attributed to food allergy (infant cow's milk allergy; eosinophilic esophagitis), but the role of food allergy in adult reflux disease has rarely been investigated. The mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux disease are examined to explore potential subgroups within the population, such as undisclosed food allergy, which may determine the responsiveness to treatment. The relevant literature was searched systematically using ProQuest Dialog, yielding 113 papers that were evaluated for quality. The extracted evidence was formed into a mechanistic diagram representing the processes of disease. As yet, insufficient research exists to evaluate the relationship between food allergies and reflux in adults. Of significance, however, is the potential for multiple variables to affect the integrity of the esophageal mucosa, thereby allowing symptoms to emerge which are independent of acid exposure. Where nonacidic drivers of inflammation exist, acid suppression is unlikely to offer adequate symptom resolution and may serve to explain the high proportion of nonresponders in this group. The review concludes that symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux may emerge in response to the coexistence of physiological reflux and esophageal mucosal inflammation. The latter may arise due to reflux‐induced acid erosion, or due to alternative endogenous sources of inflammation. When a patient presents with refractory reflux and a history of allergic disease, the role of antigen‐induced inflammation should be considered for further investigation. Nonallergic individuals presenting with refractory reflux symptoms may benefit from further analysis of relevant co‐morbidities that have the capacity to compromise mucosal integrity, including obesity or psychological stress. The identification of specific mediators of inflammation in refractory reflux disease may enable the development of personalized treatment regimes which improve outcomes and reduce the reliance on acid suppressants.

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“…6,7 It is known that an elevated serotonin level accompanies gastroesophageal reflux. 8 Serotonin has a stimulatory effect on the motor function of the esophagus. Activation of serotonin receptors can be performed by various doses of the neurotransmitter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esophagus: the effect of large doses of serotonin on motor function

Edward¹,

Ae²,

Vi³

et al. 2019

GHOA

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Background: Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a regulatory and biologically active neurotransmitter and a hormone in the CNS and many organs, including the esophagus. It is known that serotonin as well as acetylcholine stimulates contractile activity of the esophageal smooth muscles. However, role of different serotonin receptors in realization of large doses of serotonin in contractile activity of the esophagus is insufficiently known. Aim: To determine receptor mechanisms in realization of large doses of serotonin in contractile activity of the esophagus.

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The role of the 5-hydroxytryptamine pathway in reflux-induced esophageal mucosal injury in rats

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Expression of serotonin receptors in human lower esophageal sphincter

Expression of serotonin receptors in human lower esophageal sphincter

Narrative review of the role of inflammation in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Can food allergies play a part?

Esophagus: the effect of large doses of serotonin on motor function

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