The role of temperature and drive current in skyrmion dynamics

Litzius, Kai; Leliaert, Jonathan; Bassirian, Pedram; Rodrigues, Davi R.; Kromin, Sascha; Lemesh, Ivan; Zázvorka, Jakub; Lee, Kyujoon; Mulkers, Jeroen; Kerber, Nico; Heinze, Daniel; Keil, Niklas; Reeve, Robert M.; Weigand, Markus; Waeyenberge, Bartel Van; Schütz, Gisela; Everschor-Sitte, Karin; Beach, Geoffrey S. D.; Kläui, Mathias

doi:10.1038/s41928-019-0359-2

Cited by 128 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…4. Initially, there is a steep increase in the SkHA with an increasing velocity at mainly small skyrmion diameters, indicative of the creep regime, which agrees well with established defect theory [18] and experimental works [14,16,19]. Following this initial steep increase in SkHA, a flattening of the behaviour occurs at which a much more gradual increase is observed over a much larger velocity range.…”

Section: Skyrmion Characteristics On Disordered Surfacessupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In-depth theoretical investigations of skyrmions interacting with defects have shown significant changes to the skyrmion paths [18,25,28,[56][57][58][59][60] with further investigations showing disorder to have a large effect on the SkHA and skyrmion velocity [14,16,19,28,38]. There is also an inherent problem when using the Thiele equation for comparison due to the inability to incorporate skyrmion malleability.…”

Section: Skyrmion Characteristics On Disordered Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ref. [16] shows interesting skyrmion temperature characteristics in which skyrmion velocity is strongly dependent on temperature due to the increase in the temperature-dependent DL-SOT. However, the temperature is shown to have little effect on the SkHA, based on a model of spin structure deformations due to the FL-SOT, as the relationship between velocity and SkHA collapse onto a universal trend line.…”

Section: Skyrmion Characteristics On Disordered Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of an additional interfacial spin-transfer torque for current-driven skyrmion dynamics in chiral magnetic layers

et al. 2020

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Skyrmions can be driven by spin-orbit torques as a result of the spin Hall effect. Here we model an additional contribution in ultra-thin multilayers, arising from the spin accumulation at heavy metal / ferromagnetic interfaces and observe the effects on a large range of skyrmion diameters. The combination of the interfacial spin-transfer torque and the spin-orbit torque results in skyrmion motion which helps to explain the observation of small skyrmion Hall angles for skyrmion diameters less than 100 nm. We show that this additional term has a significant effect on the skyrmion dynamics and leads to rapidly decreasing skyrmion Hall angles for small skyrmion diameters, as well as a skyrmion Hall angle versus skyrmion velocity dependence nearly independent of the surface roughness characteristics. Also, the effect of various disordered energy landscapes, in the form of surface roughness, on the skyrmion Hall angle and velocity is shown to be largely drive-dependent. Our results show good agreement with those found in experiments thus concluding that the interfacial spin-transfer torque should be included in micromagnetics simulations for the reproduction of experimental results.

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Section: Skyrmion Characteristics On Disordered Surfacessupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Skyrmion Characteristics On Disordered Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Skyrmion Characteristics On Disordered Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of an additional interfacial spin-transfer torque for current-driven skyrmion dynamics in chiral magnetic layers

et al. 2020

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“…This particular choice for γ and G is motivated by typical experimentally determined skyrmion Hall angles. (Here, we assume Θ ≈ 14° [ 36] with arctan(G/γ) = Θ). [37] The effective coarse-grained potentials for skyrmion-skyrmion and skyrmion-wall interactions applied in this work are based on a micromagnetic description and have been tested and evaluated against micromagnetic simulations in Ref.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commensurability between Element Symmetry and the Number of Skyrmions Governing Skyrmion Diffusion in Confined Geometries

Song

Kerber

Rothörl

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Magnetic skyrmions are topological magnetic structures, which exhibit quasi‐particle properties and can show enhanced stability against perturbation from thermal noise. Recently, thermal Brownian diffusion of these quasi‐particles has been found in continuous films, and unconventional computing applications have received significant attention, requiring structured elements. Thus, as the next necessary step, skyrmion diffusion in confined geometries is studied, and it is found to be qualitatively different: The diffusion is governed by the interplay between the total number of skyrmions and the structure geometry. In particular, the effect of circular and triangular geometrical confinement is ascertained. It is found that for triangular geometries, the behavior is drastically different for the cases when the number of skyrmions in the element is either commensurate or incommensurate with a symmetric filling of the element. This influence of commensurability is corroborated by simulations of a quasi‐particle model.

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“…It is demonstrated that it is possible to reproducibly write and delete single skyrmions [14,15]. Furthermore, reproducible skyrmion displacement in heavy metal-ferromagnet thin-film heterostructures by the highly efficient spin-orbit torques generated through the interface that also provide the homochiral character of the spin textures, has been thoroughly investigated [15][16][17][18][19]. While current-induced skyrmion dynamics is a major field of study in skyrmionics research, due to promising applications in storage and logic devices, studies investigating thermally induced skyrmion dynamics are elusive so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisotropic Skyrmion Diffusion Controlled by Magnetic-Field-Induced Symmetry Breaking

et al. 2021

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The diffusion of particles has wide repercussions, ranging from particle-based soft-matter systems to solid-state systems with particular electronic properties. Recently, in the field of magnetism, the diffusion of magnetic skyrmions, topologically stabilized quasiparticles, has been demonstrated. Here, we show that, by applying a magnetic in-plane field, and therefore, breaking the symmetry of the system, skyrmion diffusion becomes anisotropic, with faster diffusion parallel to the field axis and slower diffusion perpendicular to it. We furthermore show that the absolute value of the applied magnetic in-plane field controls the absolute values of the diffusion coefficients, so that one can thereby tune both the orientation of the diffusion and its strength. Based on the stochastic Thiele equation, we can explain the observed anisotropic diffusion as a result of the elliptical deformation of the skyrmions by the application of the in-plane field.

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The role of temperature and drive current in skyrmion dynamics

Cited by 128 publications

References 57 publications

Role of an additional interfacial spin-transfer torque for current-driven skyrmion dynamics in chiral magnetic layers

Role of an additional interfacial spin-transfer torque for current-driven skyrmion dynamics in chiral magnetic layers

Commensurability between Element Symmetry and the Number of Skyrmions Governing Skyrmion Diffusion in Confined Geometries

Anisotropic Skyrmion Diffusion Controlled by Magnetic-Field-Induced Symmetry Breaking

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