“…Measures of postural sway are important for assessing abnormalities of the vestibular system resulting from a wide range of injury, medical-treatment, and age-related balance impairments, including concussions,1–4 subconcussive events,5–8 industrial accidents,9 combat blast,10,11 anesthesia,12 Parkinson’s disease,13,14 Alzheimer’s disease,15 and multiple sclerosis. 16 The particular vulnerability of balance is not surprising given the structural complexity of the labyrinthine vestibular apparatus, the risk of damage to otolith or semicircular canal hair cells due to high acceleration forces and other factors, and the overall complexity of multisensory integration that combines visual, proprioceptive, vestibular, and efferent motor inputs and outputs to maintain body position 10,17–19.…”