The Role of Stigmatization in Fat People's Avoidance of Physical Exercise

Packer, J.S.

doi:10.1300/j015v08n03_07

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…So, we could infer that when people receive appropriate treatment for disease conditions -including people who are fatmortality rates improve. This hypothesis that increased risk may not derive from fatness itself concurs with other research detailing fat people's reluctance to seek health care because of anticipated bias (Drury and Louis, 2002), difficulty exercising because of harassment (Packer, 1989) and restrictions that prevent relaxation, recreation and a sense of safety (Carryer, 2001). More research is needed to ascertain the extent to which poor clinician decisions' may contribute to poorer health outcomes (Mulvihill and Quigley, 2003).…”

Section: Guidelines: Where Is the Evidence Base?supporting

confidence: 83%

Is A Weight-Centred Health Framework Salutogenic? Some Thoughts on Unhinging Certain Dietary Ideologies

Aphramor

2005

Soc Theory Health

125

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Does promoting weight loss improve health? This paper draws on diverse writings in empowerment, social justice, critical obesity literature, feminism and stress biology to challenge the appropriateness of the continued reliance on a reductionist metaphor of 'energy balance' in understanding fatness. It examines some of the scientific and philosophical premises underlying mainstream UK dietary antiobesity guidelines and argues that the evidence supporting a link between promoting weight-loss and improving health is, at best, contentious. A central theme is that the current weight-loss schema helps to naturalise a fatness discourse that not only represents large people in offensively stereotyped ways but also fails to integrate people's lived experience as gendered, situated bodies in an inequitable world.

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Section: Guidelines: Where Is the Evidence Base?supporting

confidence: 83%

Is A Weight-Centred Health Framework Salutogenic? Some Thoughts on Unhinging Certain Dietary Ideologies

Aphramor

2005

Soc Theory Health

125

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“…Due to the archival nature of the scale, we did not assess other behaviors, such as exercise, that tend to be avoided by larger individuals (e.g., Packer, 1989). We were also unable to capture individuals' responses to items in a continuous manner, and the available dichotomous data precluded the examination of frequency of avoidance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, exercise may be avoided by overweight/obese individuals. Packer (1989) cited a number of social factors that preclude physical activity for heavier people including the cultural emphasis on dieting rather than exercise for optimal health, the importance of appearance over health, fear of ridicule, and fear of appearing awkward while working-out.…”

Section: Size and Avoidancementioning

confidence: 99%

Body size dissatisfaction and avoidance behavior: How gender, age, ethnicity, and relative clothing size predict what some won’t try

Maphis¹,

Martz²,

Bergman³

et al. 2013

Body Image

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Sixty-eight percent of U.S. adults are overweight/obese, and this epidemic has physical, psychosocial, and behavioral consequences. An internet sample of adults (N = 2997) perceiving themselves as larger than ideal in clothing size reported their body mass index (BMI), relative clothing size (RS; discrepancy between current and ideal size), and avoidance behaviors. Exploratory factor analysis of 10 avoid-ance items produced social avoidance and body display avoidance factors. A relative importance analysis revealed RS as a better predictor than BMI for avoidance. A hierarchical multivariate analysis of covariance found RS to predict both avoidance constructs. The relationship between RS and both avoidance con-structs was stronger for women than men, and for younger as compared to older participants. Caucasians reported more body display avoidance than African Americans. This suggests that personal dissatisfac-tion with body size may deter involvement in varied life events and that women are especially avoidant of activities that entail displaying their bodies.

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“…Independent of weight loss or fat reduction, exercise contributes to psychological and physiological well-being (Dubbert, 1992); it appears to protect against development of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Helmrich, Rangland, Leung, & Paffenbarger, 1991), coronary heart disease (Dubbert, 1992), and cancer (Blair et al, 1989), diseases for which seriously obese individuals appear to be especially at risk. Indeed, it has been cogently argued that overweight women should be exposed to the benefits of regular exercise in the absence of any attempts at weight loss (Packer, 1989). In addition, regular physical exercise also appears to play an important role with respect to weight reduction and maintenance (Brownell & Wadden, 1992;Foreyt & Goodrick, 1991;Epstein, Wing, Koeske, & Valoski, 1984).…”

Section: Effects Of Physical Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, regular physical exercise also appears to play an important role with respect to weight reduction and maintenance (Brownell & Wadden, 1992;Foreyt & Goodrick, 1991;Epstein, Wing, Koeske, & Valoski, 1984). Nonetheless, only about 20% of people engage in physical exercise at a frequency and duration sufficient to procure the beneficial effects (Dubbert, 1992), a problem which is accentuated among obese women, one of the populations most in need of the benefits conferred by regular exercise (Packer, 1989).…”

Section: Effects Of Physical Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Well-being and morbid obesity in women: A controlled therapy evaluation

Tanco¹,

Linden²,

Earle³

1998

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

111

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Objective Morbidly obese individuals are unlikely to reach and maintain normative weights. Thus, interventions aimed at alleviating corollary problems, independent of attempts at weight loss, are appropriate. A cognitive group treatment program (CT) was developed which incorporated a nondieting approach, regular exercise, and use of alternative coping skills. Weight loss per se was not a focus of the intervention. The purpose of the current work was to evaluate this program in a controlled, comparative treatment outcome study. Method: Sixty‐two obese women with a history of treatment failures were randomly assigned to the CT program, a behavior therapy weight loss program (BT), or a wait‐list control group. Results: For CT participants, depression, anxiety, and eating‐related psychopathology decreased significantly over the course of treatment while perceptions of self‐control increased; BT and control subjects showed no significant changes in these variables. Women in both active treatment groups lost significant amounts of weight, while members of the control group showed a nonsignificant increase in weight. At 6‐month follow‐up, treatment benefits were maintained. Discussion: Findings suggest that interventions not directly aimed at weight loss can enhance psychological well‐being and thus may be appropriate for some obese women. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 23:325–339, 1998.

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The Role of Stigmatization in Fat People's Avoidance of Physical Exercise

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Is A Weight-Centred Health Framework Salutogenic? Some Thoughts on Unhinging Certain Dietary Ideologies

Is A Weight-Centred Health Framework Salutogenic? Some Thoughts on Unhinging Certain Dietary Ideologies

Body size dissatisfaction and avoidance behavior: How gender, age, ethnicity, and relative clothing size predict what some won’t try

Well-being and morbid obesity in women: A controlled therapy evaluation

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