“…Design learning, as an important aspect of informed participation in design, enables non-designers to be actively involved in collaborative design activities as the core component of active learning. The interdisciplinary approach in teaching and research has been evolved from a trend in higher education to a necessity for academic institutions and industry (Rhoten, 2004) enabling students from different backgrounds and disciplines to learn design (Boddington, Kermik, & Ainsworth, 2016;Bronet, Eglash, Gabriele, Hess, & Kagan, 2003;Eppinger & Kressy, 2002;Fixson, 2009;Fu et al, 2015;Hauke, Cresswell-Maynard, & Craddock, 2015;Kaygan & Aydınoğlu, 2018). 3D printing can be used as a learning prop that facilitates teaching of abstract concepts (Astrachan, 1998) such as visual communication or the cognitive aspects of user needs.…”