The role of soil organic matter in sustaining soil fertility

Tiessen, H.; Cuevas, Elvira; Chacón, Prudencio

doi:10.1038/371783a0

Cited by 740 publications

(399 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…De igual manera sucede con la disponibilidad del manganeso y zinc que se encuentran asociados con la mayor cantidad de parcelas de la comunidad 3. En esta comunidad se adiciona el complemento de la materia orgánica que permite dar estabilidad a los agregados del suelo (Tiessen et al 1994). La disponibilidad de estos elementos químicos del suelo, posiblemente estarían facilitando a los procesos de germinación de semillas y el crecimiento radicular e inicial de plántulas, especialmente de las especies indicadoras y exclusivas en las diferentes comunidades forestales.…”

Section: Composición Florísticaunclassified

“…Estas asociaciones permiten deducir que la materia orgánica está formada por estos elementos, cuya disponibilidad probablemente facilitaría los procesos de germinación y crecimiento radicular inicial de plántulas de todas las especies que emergen abundantemente en esta comunidad. Así mismo, la materia orgánica se correlacionó negativamente con el potasio, cuyas cantidades son insignificantes dentro del componente orgánico del suelo (Tiessen et al 1994), por lo que este último parámetro quí-mico no estaría influyendo positivamente sobre la densidad de la vegetación.…”

Section: Composición Florísticaunclassified

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Comunidades forestales en bosques secundarios alto-andinos (Azuay, Ecuador)

et al. 2017

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SUMMARYIn the Andean mountains of southern Ecuador there are areas occupied by high Andean secondary forests as a consequence of anthropic activities. Here we identify different secondary forest communities located over 2900 m a.s.l, based on its floristic similarity. In each community, floristic composition was described by the total exclusive and shared species. Estimation curves were used to provide richness and diversity metrics. The structure was analyzed according to abundance and basal area. In addition, we evaluated the role of environmental variables in floristic conformation and structure through principal components and the redundancy analysis. Three forest communities were identified. Community, located at high altitude and low temperature, had the highest value of diversity and basal area. Variation in species composition was explained by climatic and geographic variables, density by soil and climatic variables, and basal area by topographic variables. Species richness and basal area did not present an altitudinal distribution pattern similar to those from other Andean tropical forests. Therefore, the floristic variation, species richness and basal area seem to be explained by the chronological age of secondary succession, as evidenced by the indicator species belonging to different ecological groups. We concluded that the floristic composition, richness and structure of vegetation in forest communities of high Andean secondary forests are influenced by climatic, topographic, physiographic and geographic variables related to the age of succession.Key words: altitude, floristic composition, ecological guilds, structure, succession, tropical forest. RESUMENEn las montañas del sur del Ecuador existen áreas ocupadas por bosques secundarios alto andinos formados por consecuencia de actividades antrópicas. Aquí se identificaron diferentes comunidades de bosques secundarios ubicados sobre 2.900 m s.n.m, con base a su similitud florística. En cada comunidad se describió la composición florística mediante las especies totales, exclusivas y compartidas. Se usaron curvas de estimación para proporcionar métricas de riqueza y diversidad. Se analizó la estructura según la abundancia y área basal. Además, se evaluó el papel que cumplen las variables ambientales en explicar la conformación florística y estructura a través de análisis en componentes principales y de redundancia. Se identificaron tres comunidades forestales. El mayor valor en diversidad y área basal fue para la comunidad ubicada a mayor altitud y menor temperatura. La variación en la composición de especies fue explicada por variables ambientales de clima y geográficas, la densidad por variables edáficas y climáticas, y el área basal por variables topográficas. La riqueza de especies y área basal no presentaron patrón de distribución altitudinal similar con otros bosques tropicales andinos. Por lo tanto, se dedujo que la variación florística, riqueza de especies y área basal también son explicadas por la edad cronológica de sucesión secundaria, como ...

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Section: Composición Florísticaunclassified

Comunidades forestales en bosques secundarios alto-andinos (Azuay, Ecuador)

et al. 2017

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“…The important role of soil organic matter in maintaining soil availability of nutrients (including P) in terrestrial ecosystems has long been recognised (Tiessen et al 1994;Johnson et al 2003). Soil organic matter provides an important source of P that can be utilised by plants and soil microbes following mineralisation (Tiessen et al 1994;Kirkby et al 2011), as well as energy reserves and carbon (C) substrates used in microbial activities such as the production of enzymes involved in P mineralisation (Allison and Vitousek 2005;Allison et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships of phosphorus fractions to organic carbon content in surface soils in mature subtropical forests, Dinghushan, China

2014

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Abstract. Exploring the relationship between the accumulation of soil organic carbon (C) and the form and availability of soil phosphorus (P) is important for improved understanding of soil P availability and its regulation of C storage in forest ecosystems. Here, we investigated the relationships among soil organic C, sequentially extracted P fractions and P sorption index in 32 surface soils (0-0.15 m depth) across eight mature subtropical forests (80-400 years) in Dinghushan, China. Results showed that soil organic P (Po) accounted for 40-63% (mean 54%) of soil total P. Soil organic C was significantly positively correlated with both the content and the percentage of soluble inorganic P (Pi), Al-Po and Fe-Po fractions and the content of the Al-Pi fraction. The content of soil total Po increased significantly with soil organic C, whereas the percentage of soil total Po tended to increase with soil organic C only when soil organic C was low (<30 Mg/ha) but was relatively stable when soil organic C was high (!30 Mg/ha). Moreover, soil organic C was highly correlated with P sorption index. Our results suggest that accumulation of organic C may increase, rather than decrease, the availability of P in surface soil in mature subtropical forests.

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“…Soil organic matter (SOM) is an important determinant of tropical soils fertility (Tiessen et al, 1994) and the main carbon (C) storage in terrestrial ecosystems (Post et al, 1982;Eswaran et al, 1993;TSBF-CIAT, 2004;Zingore et al, 2005). Highly weathered soils of the tropics are characterized by a rapid decline in SOM when land is cleared for cultivation on a slash-burn crop sequence (Ogle et al, 2005;Jimenez & Lal, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in soil organic matter under different land management in misiones province (Argentina)

Píccolo

Andriulo

Mary³

2008

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Highly weathered tropical soils rapidly loose soil organic matter (SOM) and may be affected by water erosion and soil compaction after deforestation and intensive cultivation. With the main objective to estimate the SOM balances in a subtropical soil we determined the dynamics of SOM in a degraded yerba mate (Ilex paraguaiensis Saint Hil.) plantation introduced after deforestation and with elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum L.) as a cover crop. The study site was in Misiones, Argentina, and we use the natural 13 C abundance methodology and a descriptive model. The study was conducted on three contiguous 50 × 100 m plots of a typic Kandihumult soil with: (i) native forest, (ii) 50 years of continuous yerba mate monoculture with intensive tillage, and (iii) yerba mate associated with elephant grass as a cover crop and no tillage. We determined bulk density, carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and 13 C content of the soil (0 -0.05, 0.05 -0.15 m layers) and the grass biomass. Yerba mate monoculture reduced soil C and N content as well as porosity at 0 -0.15 m depth by 43 and 23%, respectively, as compared to the native forest. After ten years of yerba mate -elephant grass association soil C and N contents at the same depth increased by 19 and 12%, respectively, compared to the yerba mate monoculture, while soil porosity remained similar. Total C input, 13 C, and soil organic C were incorporated into a three compartment model to evaluate elephant grass C dynamics. Through the natural 13 C abundance methodology we tracked the elephant grass C incorporation and the "old" soil C loss, and determined the model parameters -humification (k 1 ) and mineralization (k) coefficients and stable C (C s )-unambiguously. The high k 1 and k predicted by the model are probably explained by elephant grass root system incorporation under no tillage and humid subtropical climate, respectively. In soil under yerba mate monoculture, C s was counted as 91% of the total soil organic C. Key words: Ilex paraguaiensis, Pennisetum purpureum, natural 13 C abundance, soil carbon, modelling MUDANÇAS NA MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA EDAFICA SOB DIFERENTES MANEJOS DE SOLO NA PROVÍNCIA DE MISIONES (ARGENTINA)RESUMO: Os solos altamente intemperizados dos trópicos perdem rapidamente matéria orgânica do solo (SOM) e podem ser afetados pela erosão hídrica e compactação depois de seu deflorestamento e agricultura contínua. O objetivo foi determinar a dinâmica da matéria orgânica do solo com capimelefante (Pennisetum purpureum L.) em um Kandihumult da província de Misiones (Argentina) após desmatamento e cultivo contínuo de erva-mate (Ilex paraguaiensis Saint Hil.), utilizando a metodologia da abundância natural em carbono 13 ( 13 C) e um modelo descritivo. O estudo foi conduzido em três parcelas contíguas de 50 × 100 m. As situações comparadas foram: (a) floresta nativa, e (b) local com 50 anos de monocultivo intensivo de erva-mate, e (c) erva-mate associada com capim-elefante como cultivo de cobertura sob plantio direto. Determinaram-se os conteúdos de carbono (C),...

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The role of soil organic matter in sustaining soil fertility

Cited by 740 publications

References 21 publications

Comunidades forestales en bosques secundarios alto-andinos (Azuay, Ecuador)

Comunidades forestales en bosques secundarios alto-andinos (Azuay, Ecuador)

Relationships of phosphorus fractions to organic carbon content in surface soils in mature subtropical forests, Dinghushan, China

Changes in soil organic matter under different land management in misiones province (Argentina)

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