The role of social cognitive processing theory and optimism in positive psychosocial and physical behavior change after cancer diagnosis and treatment

Abstract

The physical and psychosocial 'health' behaviors of cancer patients have become a more pressing issue as 5-year survival rates continue to rise. This study investigated: (a) the extent of positive change in four psychosocial behaviors and two physical health behaviors, (b) the role of psychosocial predictors (drawn from theories of Social Cognitive Processing and optimism) in positive behavior change after cancer diagnosis and treatment, and (c) the possible influence of social desirability in reports of positive psychosocial and physical behavior change. The behavior showing the greatest positive change was time spent reflecting on life priorities; the behavior that was least likely to change after diagnosis and treatment was exercise. Optimism, social support, and cancer-related intrusions were positively associated with increases in physical health behaviors. Only optimism was positively associated with increases in psychosocial behaviors. Reports of positive change in physical and psychosocial behaviors were only modestly correlated. Social desirability was unrelated to reports of positive behavior change. Results are interpreted in light of theories of adaptation to cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Childhood maltreatment, psychological resources, and depressive symptoms in women with breast cancer

“…There is also evidence that cognitive-behavioral stress management decreases depression in women with breast cancer by increasing generalized optimism (Antoni et al, 2001). Optimism may also have additional benefits in breast cancer populations because optimism has been linked to health behaviors, such as exercise, that promote better adjustment to cancer (Harper et al, 2007). Taken together, interventions that increase optimism and mindfulness may be effective for mitigating depressive symptoms in women with breast cancer, and may disproportionately benefit those patients with a history of childhood maltreatment.…”

Theory-and evidence-based development and process evaluation of the Move More for Life program: a tailored-print intervention designed to promote physical activity among post-treatment breast cancer survivors

“…There were no social cognitive variables outside of SCT that were identified as essential to be addressed in the intervention. There was evidence that personality factors impact on PA participation [43-45], but this was not considered sufficient to warrant adding further complexity to the audience segmentation process. There was also strong evidence that PA intentions should be targeted.…”

Let's Keep Moving: A dance movement class for older women recently relocated to a continuing care retirement community (CCRC)

“…Specifically, determining quality of life parameters at move in and after an intervention such as Let's Keep Moving would be useful. How a supportive environment may encourage active cognitive processing of a stressful, traumatic experience such as relocation would be useful as well (Harper et al, 2006). Future research should also include a larger sample of participants, data collection that extends over a longer period of time, as well as interventions that are appropriate for assisted living and memory care residents.…”