The role of smoking and alcohol in metaplasia and cancer risk in Barrett's columnar lined oesophagus.

Gray, Michael R.; Donnelly, R. J.; Kingsnorth, Andrew

doi:10.1136/gut.34.6.727

Cited by 82 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Several investigations suggest that certain nitrosamine carcinogens present in tobacco smoke and in the diet are causative agents for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in humans and in rodents (14)(15)(16)(17). The sequence of histopathologic changes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma development typically involves hyperplasia, mild to severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and, finally, invasive carcinoma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Phenylethyl Isothiocyanate on Early Molecular Events in N-Nitrosomethylbenzylamine–Induced Cytotoxicity in Rat Esophagus

et al. 2007

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There is little information on early molecular events in the development of N -nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA)-induced rat esophageal tumorigenesis and of the effects of chemopreventive agents on these events. In this study, we identified genes in rat esophagus that were differentially expressed in response to short-term NMBA treatment and modulated by cotreatment with phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC). Rats were fed AIN-76A diet or AIN-76A diet containing PEITC for 3 weeks. During the 3rd week of dietary treatment, they were administered three s.c. doses of NMBA (0.5 mg/kg body weight). Rats were sacrificed 24 h after the last treatment; esophagi were excised and processed for histologic grading, microarray and real-time PCR analysis. Histopathologic analysis showed that treatment of rats with PEITC had a protective effect on NMBA-induced preneoplastic lesions in the rat esophagus. We identified 2,261 genes that were differentially expressed in the NMBA-treated versus control esophagi and 1,936 genes in the PEITC + NMBA versus NMBA-treated esophagi. The intersection of these two sets resulted in the identification of 1,323 genes in NMBA-treated esophagus, the vast majority of which were modulated by PEITC to near-normal levels of expression. Measured changes in the expression levels of eight selected genes were validated using real-time PCR. Results from 12 microarrays indicated that PEITC treatment had a genome-wide modulating effect on NMBA-induced gene expression. Samples obtained from animals treated with PEITC alone or cotreated with PEITC + NMBA were more similar to controls than to samples treated with NMBA alone. [Cancer Res 2007;67(13):6484-92]

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Phenylethyl Isothiocyanate on Early Molecular Events in N-Nitrosomethylbenzylamine–Induced Cytotoxicity in Rat Esophagus

et al. 2007

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“…For the prevention of esophageal cancer, inclusion in the diet of adequate quantities of fruits and vegetables is also important because these foodstuffs can provide inhibitory micronutrients such as polyphenols, phytohormones, vitamins, and minerals (4). tobacco and alcohol act synergistically in the development of esophageal squamous carcinoma and possibly adenocarcinoma in humans (9,10). Factors determining individual susceptibility to esophageal cancer are still largely unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of N-Nitrosomethylbenzylamine Metabolism by Black Raspberries in the Esophagus and Liver of Fischer 344 Rats

Reen¹,

Nines²,

Stoner³

2006

Nutrition and Cancer

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Dietary freeze-dried black raspberries (BRBs) inhibit N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA)-induced tumorigenesis in the Fischer 344 rat esophagus. To determine the mechanistic basis of the anti-initiating effects of BRBs, NMBA metabolism was studied in esophageal explant cultures and in liver microsomes taken from rats fed with AIN-76A diet or AIN-76A diet containing 5% or 10% BRBs. Five percent and 10% dietary BRBs inhibited NMBA metabolism in explants (26% and20%) and in microsomes (22% and28%), but the inhibition was not dose dependent. To identify active inhibitory component(s) in BRBs, esophageal explants and liver microsomes from control rats were treated in vitro with an ethanol extract of BRBs or with individual components of BRBs [ellagic acid (EA) and two anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-rutinoside)]. NMBA metabolism in explants was inhibited maximally by cyanidin-3-rutinoside (47%) followed by EA (33%), cyanidin-3-glucoside (23%),and the extract (11%). Similarly, in liver microsomes, the inhibition was maximal by cyanidin-3-rutinoside (47%) followed by EA (33%) and cyanidin-3-glucoside (32%). Phenylethylisothiocyanate (PEITC), a potent inhibitor of NMBA tumorigenesis in rat esophagus, was a stronger inhibitor of NMBA metabolism in vivo and in vitro than BRBs or their components. Dietary BRBs and PEITC induced glutathione S-transferase activity in the liver.

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“…A number of clinical and biologic markers may define patients at increased risk for the development of adenocarcinoma, but none have been subject to rigorous examination. Increased age, length of Barrett's epithelium and smoking have all been implicated in some, but not all studies as clinical risk factors for the development of adenocarcinoma [61,68,77,97,98]. The role of alcohol consumption is less clear cut [98].…”

Section: Can Patients Be Risk Stratified According To Cancer Risk?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased age, length of Barrett's epithelium and smoking have all been implicated in some, but not all studies as clinical risk factors for the development of adenocarcinoma [61,68,77,97,98]. The role of alcohol consumption is less clear cut [98]. In the future, a mathematical model incorporating these clinical risk factors may be helpful in individualizing surveillance programs to cancer risk.…”

Section: Can Patients Be Risk Stratified According To Cancer Risk?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unresolved Issues in Barrett’s Esophagus in the New Millennium

Falk¹

2000

Dig Dis

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The role of smoking and alcohol in metaplasia and cancer risk in Barrett's columnar lined oesophagus.

Cited by 82 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of Phenylethyl Isothiocyanate on Early Molecular Events in N-Nitrosomethylbenzylamine–Induced Cytotoxicity in Rat Esophagus

Effects of Phenylethyl Isothiocyanate on Early Molecular Events in N-Nitrosomethylbenzylamine–Induced Cytotoxicity in Rat Esophagus

Modulation of N-Nitrosomethylbenzylamine Metabolism by Black Raspberries in the Esophagus and Liver of Fischer 344 Rats

Unresolved Issues in Barrett’s Esophagus in the New Millennium

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