The role of sinking particles in the overwintering process of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in a marine environment

Venkateswaran, Kasthuri

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(90)90662-a

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our microbiological analysis found that both total heterotrophic bacteria and total mesophilic pathogenic bacteria were enriched in marine aggregates relative to the surrounding seawater. This supports the earlier work that documented Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Venkateswaran et al 1990) and V. cholera in aggregate-like material and expands the list to include V. vulnificus, V. alginolticus, Aeromonas hydrophilia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and occasionally Shigella sonnei, Strenotrophomonas maltophilia, Photobacterium damsela, and Burkholderia cepacia.…”

Section: Microbial Composition Of Marine Aggregatessupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The role of aggregates (i.e., marine snow, flocs, organic detritus) as a link between aquatic pathogens and hosts, however, remains relatively unexplored. Only the hard clam pathogen, Quahog Parasite Unknown (QPX; Lyons et al, 2005), and the human pathogen, Vibrio parahaemolyticus (i.e., ''sinking particles''; Venkateswaran et al, 1990), have been evaluated and documented in marine aggregates. The freshwater counterparts of marine aggregates, now called lake and river aggregates, have also been shown to contain pathogenic bacteria, including Vibrio cholerae (i.e., ''particulates > 20 lm''; Colwell et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of Marine Aggregates in Shallow-water Ecosystems: Implications for Disease Ecology

et al. 2007

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Marine aggregates were evaluated for their potential role in the ecology of aquatic pathogens using underwater video surveys coupled with direct collection of aggregates in modified settling cones. Six locations, two each in New York, Connecticut, and Massachusetts, were surveyed over 8 months to explore differences in the characteristics of aggregates found in habitats populated by clams (Mercenaria mercenaria) and oysters (Crassostrea virginica). Microaggregate (<500 lm) concentrations were always greater than macroaggregate (>500 lm) concentrations, but peak concentrations of macroaggregates and microaggregates, mean size of particles, and volume fraction of aggregated material varied among the six shallow-water habitats. Concentrations (colonyforming units per ml) of total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) and total mesophilic pathogenic bacteria (MPB) from samples of aggregates were significantly different among the four locations bordering Long Island Sound (LIS). The highest concentrations and enrichment factors in aggregates were observed in August for THB and in June for MPB. Significant correlations were detected for salinity and the concentrations and enrichment factors of THB in aggregates and for the concentrations and percentages of MPB in seawater samples. Significant correlations were also detected for temperature and the concentrations of MPB in aggregates and the enrichment factors for THB and MPB (marginal significance). Bacterial species identified in association with aggregates included: Vibrio cholerea, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Mycobacteria sp. These results have important implications for the way in which aquatic pathogens are collected, quantified, and monitored for risk-based surveillance in shallow-water ecosystems.

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Section: Microbial Composition Of Marine Aggregatessupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Marine Aggregates in Shallow-water Ecosystems: Implications for Disease Ecology

et al. 2007

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“…Ϫ1 ), in mollusks and seawater during cold months (18,20,30,31,57). V. parahaemolyticus (and related Vibrio spp.)…”

Section: Mpn MLmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Persistent, Productive, and Seasonally Dynamic Vibriophage Population within Pacific Oysters ( Crassostrea gigas )

Comeau

Buenaventura

Suttle

2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

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In an effort to understand the relationship between Vibrio and vibriophage populations, abundances of Vibrio spp. and viruses infecting Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VpVs) were monitored for a year in Pacific oysters and water collected from Ladysmith Harbor, British Columbia, Canada. Bacterial abundances were highly seasonal, whereas high titers of VpVs (0.5 ؋ 10 4 to 11 ؋ 10 4 viruses cm ؊3 ) occurred year round in oysters, even when V. parahaemolyticus was undetectable (<3 cells cm ؊3 ). Viruses were not detected (<10 ml ؊1 ) in the water column. Host-range studies demonstrated that 13 VpV strains could infect 62% of the V. parahaemolyticus strains from oysters (91 pairings) and 74% of the strains from sediments (65 pairings) but only 30% of the water-column strains (91 pairings). Ten viruses also infected more than one species among V. alginolyticus, V. natriegens, and V. vulnificus. As winter approached and potential hosts disappeared, the proportion of host strains that the viruses could infect decreased by ϳ50% and, in the middle of winter, only 14% of the VpV community could be plated on summer host strains. Estimates of virus-induced mortality on V. parahaemolyticus indicated that other host species were required to sustain viral production during winter when the putative host species was undetectable. The present study shows that oysters are likely one of the major sources of viruses infecting V. parahaemolyticus in oysters and in the water column. Furthermore, seasonal shifts in patterns of host range provide strong evidence that the composition of the virus community changes during winter.Viral infection of marine microbial communities (reviewed in references 17, 49, 63, and 64) has been associated with reduced primary production (23, 47, 50) and increased bacterial mortality through either lytic (21,39,42,46,62) or temperate (27,28,39,59,60) phage. Frequently, Vibrio spp. and vibriophage, which are common in seawater (4, 53) and easily culturable (16), have served as model systems in studies of host-virus interactions in the water column (see, for example, references 22, 33, 37, 43, 52, 54, and 61). Vibrio spp. are typically much more abundant in sediments (10 4 g Ϫ1 ) (41), plankton (10 9 g Ϫ1 ) (31), and shellfish (10 5 g Ϫ1 ) (1) than in the water column (ϳ10 ml Ϫ1 ) (5). In contrast, even though virus particles are extremely abundant in sediments (10 8 to 10 9 ml Ϫ1 ) (10, 15) and in the water column (ca. 10 7 to 10 8 ml Ϫ1 ) (64), vibriophage are most abundant in mollusks (10 5 to 10 8 g Ϫ1 ) (3, 14), relatively rare in the water column (ϳ2 ml Ϫ1 ) (34), and frequently undetectable in sediments.The marine bacterium Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a gastrointestinal pathogen that is abundant (10 4 g Ϫ1 ) (12) in oysters. It can cause disease in humans that consume raw shellfish, and in 1997 it was responsible for a major outbreak of disease in British Columbia (6). High abundances of viruses that infect V. parahaemolyticus (VpVs; 10 6 g Ϫ1 ) (3) also occur in oysters.However, with the exception of a study...

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“…The level of this organism in various fish and shellfish may vary. Certain areas may have more favourable environmental conditions that support establishment, survival and growth of the organism such as temperature, salinity, zooplankton, tidal flushing and dissolved oxygen (Garay et al 1985;Kaneko and Colwell 1977;Venkateswaran et al 1990). In temperate waters, the ecology is strongly influenced by temperature and salinity.…”

Section: Vibrio Speciesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Aquaculture Products

Karunasagar

2014

Zoonoses - Infections Affecting Humans and Animals

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According to FAO statistics, aquaculture is contributing to nearly half of the global food fish production. Fish contributes to both nutritional and food security in many developing economies. Fish is also one of the most extensively traded food commodities; most of global aquaculture production takes place in developing countries and the major markets are in the developed world. European Union, Japan and United States together account for about 70 % of global fish imports.

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The role of sinking particles in the overwintering process of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in a marine environment

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Characteristics of Marine Aggregates in Shallow-water Ecosystems: Implications for Disease Ecology

Characteristics of Marine Aggregates in Shallow-water Ecosystems: Implications for Disease Ecology

A Persistent, Productive, and Seasonally Dynamic Vibriophage Population within Pacific Oysters ( Crassostrea gigas )

Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Aquaculture Products

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