The role of short-chain fatty acids in inflammatory skin diseases

Xiao, Xianjun; Hu, Xin; Yao, Junpeng; Cao, Wei; Zou, Zihao; Wang, Lu; Qin, Haiyan; Zhong, Dongling; Li, Yuxi; Xue, Peiwen; Jin, Rongjiang; Liu, Ying; Shi, Yunzhou; Li, Juan

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1083432

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 138 publications

(185 reference statements)

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“…Through an immunofluorescence staining assay, we confirmed that BADGE treatment effectively decreased PPARγ expression ( Fig 3C ) and the mRNA levels of Cebpb and Pparg in the infected area (Figs 3D and S2A ). Considering that skin bacteria can modulate PPARγ signaling [ 22 , 23 ], we determined the amounts of skin bacteria in DMSO (control) and BADGE-treated mice [ 24 ]. We found that there was no significant difference in the expression of 16S rRNA between the two groups ( S2B Fig ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial peptide-producing dermal preadipocytes defend against Candida albicans skin infection via the FGFR-MEK-ERK pathway

Wang,

Duan,

Zeng

et al. 2023

PLoS Pathog

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Dermal fibroblasts (dFBs) defend against deep bacterial skin infections by differentiating into preadipocytes (pAds) that produce the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin; this differentiation is known as the dermal reactive adipogenesis response. However, the role of dFBs in fungal infection remains unknown. Here, we found that cathelicidin-producing pAds were present in high numbers in skin lesions from patients with cutaneous Candida granulomas. Second, we showed that dermal Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection in mice robustly triggered the dermal reactive adipogenesis response and induced cathelicidin expression, and inhibition of adipogenesis with pharmacological inhibitors of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ (PPARγ) impaired skin resistance to C. albicans. In vitro, C. albicans products induced cathelicidin expression in pAds, and differentiating pAds markedly suppressed the growth of C. albicans by producing cathelicidin. Finally, we showed that C. albicans induced an antimicrobial response in pAds through the FGFR-MEK-ERK pathway. Together, our data reveal a previously unknown role of dFBs in the defense against skin infection caused by C. albicans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial peptide-producing dermal preadipocytes defend against Candida albicans skin infection via the FGFR-MEK-ERK pathway

Wang,

Duan,

Zeng

et al. 2023

PLoS Pathog

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“…Our study’s community composition results ( Figure 5A ) reveal a significant reduction in the Firmicutes phylum within the gut of AR mice, coupled with an increase in the Bacteroidetes phylum. Members of the Bacteroidetes phylum are primary sources of acetic acid and propionic acid, whereas the Firmicutes phylum is recognized as the primary producer of butyric acid, a specific type of SCFA predominantly responsible for inhibiting the expression of HDACs ( Xiao et al, 2022 ). These findings suggest that gut microbiota dysbiosis in AR mice may potentially disrupt SCFAs metabolism, favoring HDAC overexpression and thereby likely contributing to the initiation of inflammatory responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xiaoqinglong decoction mitigates nasal inflammation and modulates gut microbiota in allergic rhinitis mice

Liu,

Chen,

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a respiratory immune system disorder characterized by dysregulation of immune responses. Within the context of AR, gut microbiota and its metabolites have been identified as contributors to immune modulation. These microorganisms intricately connect the respiratory and gut immune systems, forming what is commonly referred to as the gut-lung axis. Xiaoqinglong Decoction (XQLD), a traditional Chinese herbal remedy, is widely utilized in traditional Chinese medicine for the clinical treatment of AR. In this study, it is hypothesized that the restoration of symbiotic microbiota balance within the gut-lung axis plays a pivotal role in supporting the superior long-term efficacy of XQLD in AR therapy. Therefore, the primary objective of this research is to investigate the impact of XQLD on the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota in a murine model of AR.MethodsAn ovalbumin-sensitized mouse model to simulate AR was utilized, the improvement of AR symptoms after medication was investigated, and high-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze the gut microbiota composition.ResultsXQLD exhibited substantial therapeutic effects in AR mice, notably characterized by a significant reduction in allergic inflammatory responses, considerable alleviation of nasal symptoms, and the restoration of normal nasal function. Additionally, following XQLD treatment, the disrupted gut microbiota in AR mice displayed a tendency toward restoration, showing significant differences compared to the Western medicine (loratadine) group.DiscussionThis results revealed that XQLD may enhance AR allergic inflammatory responses through the regulation of intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in mice, thus influencing the dynamics of the gut-lung axis. The proposal of this mechanism provides a foundation for future research in this area.

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“…In addition, SCFAs benefit the intestinal barrier ( 47 ). Topical and oral administration of SCFAs or their derivatives have also been found to be effective in treating inflammatory dermatoses ( 48 ). Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium may inhibit immune inflammation by increasing tryptophan (Trp) and Trp metabolites, maintaining intestinal barrier function on the one hand and reducing acne inflammation on the other ( 49 , 50 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The causal relationship between gut microbiota and inflammatory dermatoses: a Mendelian randomization study

Mao,

Yu,

2023

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundObservational studies have shown that gut microbiota is closely associated with inflammatory dermatoses such as psoriasis, rosacea, and atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the causal relationship between gut microbiota and inflammatory dermatosis remains unclear.MethodsBased on Maximum Likelihood (ML), MR-Egger regression, Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW), MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO), Weighted Mode, and Weighted Median Estimator (WME) methods, we performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal relationship between gut microbiota and inflammatory dermatosis. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of gut microbiota came from the MiBioGen consortium, while the GWAS summary data of inflammatory dermatosis (including psoriasis, AD, rosacea, vitiligo, acne, and eczema) came from the FinnGen consortium and IEU Open GWAS project. Cochran’s IVW Q test tested the heterogeneity among instrumental variables (IVs). The horizontal pleiotropy was tested by MR-Egger regression intercept analysis and MR-PRESSO analysis.ResultsEventually, the results indicated that 5, 16, 17, 11, 15, and 12 gut microbiota had significant causal effects on psoriasis, rosacea, AD, vitiligo, acne, and eczema, respectively, including 42 protective and 34 risk causal relationships. Especially, Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria at the Family and Genus Level, as common probiotics, were identified as protective factors for the corresponding inflammatory dermatoses. The results of reverse MR analysis suggested a bidirectional causal effect between AD and genus Eubacterium brachy group, vitiligo and genus Ruminococcaceae UCG004. The causal relationship between gut microbiota and psoriasis, rosacea, acne, and eczema is unidirectional. There was no significant heterogeneity among these IVs. In conclusion, this bidirectional two-sample MR study identified 76 causal relationships between the gut microbiome and six inflammatory dermatoses, which may be helpful for the clinical prevention and treatment of inflammatory dermatoses.

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The role of short-chain fatty acids in inflammatory skin diseases

Cited by 27 publications

References 138 publications

Antimicrobial peptide-producing dermal preadipocytes defend against Candida albicans skin infection via the FGFR-MEK-ERK pathway

Antimicrobial peptide-producing dermal preadipocytes defend against Candida albicans skin infection via the FGFR-MEK-ERK pathway

Xiaoqinglong decoction mitigates nasal inflammation and modulates gut microbiota in allergic rhinitis mice

The causal relationship between gut microbiota and inflammatory dermatoses: a Mendelian randomization study

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