The Role of Short Chain Fatty Acids in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Jiang, Wenxi; Wu, Jiali; Zhu, Shefeng; Xin, Linying; Yu, Chaohui; Shen, Zhe

doi:10.5056/jnm22093

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…17,44 Also important in this context, microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can modulate blood pressure [46][47][48] and colonic contractile properties, being altered in both patients with GI dysmotility (including IBS-C) and hypertension. 17,[49][50][51] Significant association with MACE was observed for all constipation definitions analysed in the current study. Notably, the strength of association was more pronounced in the cohort identified through hospital-inpatient records (based on the ICD K59.0 code) compared to other constipation surrogates and phenotypes, including laxative users, functional constipation, and IBS-C (which involves chronic abdominal pain and/or discomfort).…”

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confidence: 49%

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Constipation is associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events in a UK population

Zheng,

Camargo Tavares,

D’Amato

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, only explain part of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Understanding what other risk factors contribute to MACE is essential for prevention. Constipation shares common risk factors with hypertension and is associated with an increased risk of several cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesised that constipation is an under-appreciated risk factor for MACE. Methods: We used the population healthcare and genomic data in the UK Biobank (UKBB) (n=408,354) to study the contribution of constipation (ICD-10 K59.0) to the risk of MACE, defined by any episode of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), ischemic stroke and heart failure (HF). Analyses were controlled for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. We also assessed genetic correlations (rg) between constipation and MACE. Results: Constipation cases (N=23,814) exhibited significantly higher risk of MACE compared to those with normal bowel habits (OR=2.15, P<1.00x10-300). Constipation was also significantly associated with individual MACE subgroups, in order: HF (OR=2.72, P<1.00x10-300), ischemic stroke (OR=2.36, P=2.02x10-230), and ACS (OR=1.62, P=5.82x10-113). In comparison with constipation-free hypertensive patients, hypertensive patients with constipation showed significantly higher odds of MACE (OR=1.68, P=1.05x10-136) and a 34% increased risk of death (P=2.3x10-50) after adjustment for medications that affect gut motility and other traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Finally, we detected positive genetic correlations between constipation and MACE subgroups ACS (rg=0.27, P=2.12x10-6), ischemic stroke (rg=0.23, P=0.011), and HF (rg=0.21, P=0.0062). Conclusion: We identified constipation as a potential risk factor independently associated with higher MACE prevalence. These findings warrant further studies on their causal relationship and identification of pathophysiological mechanisms.

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supporting

confidence: 49%

“…17,44 Also important in this context, microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can modulate blood pressure 46–48 and colonic contractile properties, being altered in both patients with GI dysmotility (including IBS-C) and hypertension. 17,49–51…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constipation is associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events in a UK population

Zheng,

Camargo Tavares,

D’Amato

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…are known to produce acetate, with high levels of this SCFA have been shown to be associated with the severity of IBS symptoms. 68 The study has a number of strengths; (i) it is a second study demonstrating the benefits of Lab4 probiotic supplementation in an IBS cohort; (ii) the small placebo effect; and (iii) our data analysis was focused on participants who had calprotectin levels below 160 μg/g to ensure we were not including those with suspected inflammatory status. Limitations of the study are (i) the generalisability of the findings is limited due to the female only 18-40-year-old cohort in a single geographical location and (ii) baseline anxiety and depression scores in the probiotic group were lower than the clinical threshold of 8 highlighting the need for further work in an IBS cohort with HADS >8 in order to assess the anti-anxiety and anti-depressive qualities of supplementation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacteroides spp. are known to produce acetate, with high levels of this SCFA have been shown to be associated with the severity of IBS symptoms 68 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study assessing the impact of probiotic supplementation on the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome in females

Mullish,

Michael,

Dabcheva

et al. 2024

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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BackgroundA previous exploratory study demonstrated the ability of the Lab4 probiotic to alleviate the symptoms of IBS, and post hoc data analysis indicated greatest improvements in the female subgroup. The aim of this study is to confirm the impact of this multistrain probiotic on IBS symptom severity in females.MethodsAn 8‐week, single‐center, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, superiority study in 70 females with Rome IV‐diagnosed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) receiving the Lab4 probiotic (25 billion colony‐forming units) daily or a matched placebo. Changes from baseline in the IBS‐symptom severity score (IBS‐SSS), daily bowel habits, anxiety, depression, IBS‐related control, and avoidance behavior, executive function, and the fecal microbiota composition were assessed. The study was prospectively registered: ISRCTN 14866272 (registration date 20/07/22).Key ResultsAt the end of the study, there were significant between‐group reductions in IBS‐SSS (−85.0, p < 0.0001), anxiety and depression scores (−1.9, p = 0.0002 and −2.4, p < 0.0001, respectively), and the IBS‐related control and avoidance behavior score (−7.5, p = 0.0002), all favoring the probiotic group. A higher proportion of the participants in the probiotic group had normal stool form (p = 0.0106) and/or fewer defecations with loose stool form (p = 0.0311). There was little impact on the overall diversity of the fecal microbiota but there were significant differences in Roseburia, Holdemanella, Blautia, Agathobacter, Ruminococcus, Prevotella, Bacteroides, and Anaerostipes between the probiotic and placebo groups at the end of the study.Conclusions & InferencesDaily supplementation with this probiotic may represent an option to be considered in the management of IBS.

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“…Whereas [Eubacterium]_ruminantium_group were negatively associated with pickle consumption. All these genera belong to family Lachnospiraceae , members of which are SCFA producers and known to inhibit intestinal inflammation, maintain the intestinal barrier, and modulate the gut motility [ 58 ]. Lachnospiraceae;CAG are associated with high fibre diet and complex carbohydrates [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbial ecology and exposome of a healthy Pakistani cohort

Gul,

Herrema,

Davids

et al. 2024

Gut Pathog

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Background Pakistan is a multi-ethnic society where there is a disparity between dietary habits, genetic composition, and environmental exposures. The microbial ecology of healthy Pakistani gut in the context of anthropometric, sociodemographic, and dietary patterns holds interest by virtue of it being one of the most populous countries, and also being a Lower Middle Income Country (LMIC). Methods 16S rRNA profiling of healthy gut microbiome of normo-weight healthy Pakistani individuals from different regions of residence is performed with additional meta-data collected through filled questionnaires. The current health status is then linked to dietary patterns through $${\chi }^{2}$$ χ 2 test of independence and Generalized Linear Latent Variable Model (GLLVM) where distribution of individual microbes is regressed against all recorded sources of variability. To identify the core microbiome signature, a dynamic approach is used that considers into account species occupancy as well as consistency across assumed grouping of samples including organization by gender and province of residence. Fitting neutral modeling then revealed core microbiome that is selected by the environment. Results A strong determinant of disparity is by province of residence. It is also established that the male microbiome is better adapted to the local niche than the female microbiome, and that there is microbial taxonomic and functional diversity in different ethnicities, dietary patterns and lifestyle habits. Some microbial genera, such as, Megamonas, Porphyromonas, Haemophilus, Klebsiella and Finegoldia showed significant associations with consumption of pickle, fresh fruits, rice, and cheese. Our analyses suggest current health status being associated with the diet, sleeping patterns, employment status, and the medical history. Conclusions This study provides a snapshot of the healthy core Pakistani gut microbiome by focusing on the most populous provinces and ethnic groups residing in predominantly urban areas. The study serves a reference dataset for exploring variations in disease status and designing personalized dietary and lifestyle interventions to promote gut health, particularly in LMICs settings.

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The Role of Short Chain Fatty Acids in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Cited by 16 publications

References 107 publications

Constipation is associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events in a UK population

Constipation is associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events in a UK population

A double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study assessing the impact of probiotic supplementation on the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome in females

Gut microbial ecology and exposome of a healthy Pakistani cohort

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