The role of Sergentomyia schwetzi in epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Ethiopia

Polanska, Nikola; Rohoušová, Iva; Volf, Petr

doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-s1-o5

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The genus Sergentomyia comprises species that are highly abundant in Kafta Humera and which occur throughout the year. They are known vectors of the subgenus Sauroleishmania (implicated in CL) and have been previously shown to feed on a variety of mammals (including humans) and reptiles in Ethiopia and the surrounding regions (Heisch et al., 1956; Javadian et al., 1977; Ngumbi et al., 1992; Polanska et al., 2014; Quate, 1964; Srinivasan and Panicker, 1992). DNA of Leishmania major (the main cause of CL) has been detected in S. darlingi in Mali (Berdjane-Brouk et al., 2012), but a study in Ethiopia did not incriminate S. schwetzi as a vector of L. donovani or other Leishmania species (Sadlova et al., 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A molecular analysis of sand fly blood meals in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic region of northwestern Ethiopia reveals a complex host-vector system

Yared

Gebresilassie

Abbasi

et al. 2019

Heliyon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Visceral leishmaniasis (VL, or “kala-azar”) is a major cause of disability and death, especially in East Africa. Its vectors, sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae), are poorly controlled and guarded against in these regions, owing in part to a lack of understanding about their feeding behavior. Methods A total of 746 freshly fed female sand flies were collected in five population centers in Kafta Humera (northwestern Ethiopia), where VL is endemic. Flies were collected from habitats that ranged from inside houses to open fields, using light traps and sticky traps. Sources of sand fly blood meals were identified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and DNA amplification with reverse-line blot analysis (PCR-RLB); 632 specimens were screened using ELISA, 408 of which had identifiable blood meals, and 114 were screened using PCR-RLB, 53 of which yielded identifications. Fly species determinations were based on morphology, and those specimens subjected to PCR-RLB were also screened for Leishmania parasites using conventional PCR to amplify the nuclear marker ITS1 (internal transcribed spacer 1) with Leishmania -specific primers. Results More than three-fourths of all sand flies collected were Phlebotomus orientalis , and the remaining portion was comprised of nine other species. Nearly two-thirds of P. orientalis specimens were collected at village peripheries. The most common blood source for all flies was donkey (33.9% of all identifications), followed by cow (24.2%), human (17.6%), dog (11.8%), and goat or sheep (8.6%); mixtures of blood meals from different sources were found in 28.2% of all flies screened. Unidentified blood meals, presumably from wildlife, not domestic animals, were significantly higher in farm fields. Leishmania parasites were not detected in any of the 114 flies screened, not surprising given an expected infection rate of 1–5 out of 1,000. Meals that included a mixture of human and cow blood were significantly more frequent relative to all cow meals than human blood meals were to non-cow meals, suggesting a zoopotentiative interaction between cows and humans in this system. Conclusions Habitat and host preferences of sand fly vectors in Kafta Humera confirmed the finding of previous reports that the main vector in the region, Phlebotomus orientalis , is a highly opportunistic feeder that prefers large animals and is most commonly found at village peripheries. These results were similar to those of a previous study conducted in a nearby region (Tahtay Adiabo), except for the role of cattle on the prevalence of human blood meals. Preliminary examinations of blood meal data from different settings point to the need for additional surveys and field experiments to understand the role of livestock on bit...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A molecular analysis of sand fly blood meals in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic region of northwestern Ethiopia reveals a complex host-vector system

Yared

Gebresilassie

Abbasi

et al. 2019

Heliyon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hundreds of Sergentomyia sand flies were collected during the study period, and has been excluded from the study, because the genus Sergentomyia is known vector of the subgenus Sauroleishmania that infects reptiles and edentates [78][79][80] but not a proven biological vector of human leishmaniasis [79,81]. However, some studies have reported the detection of different Leishmania species DNA in species of Sergentomyia [82][83][84][85][86][87][88].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of host preferences of wild-caught Phlebotomus orientalis and Ph. papatasi vectors of leishmaniasis in Sudan

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

orientalis (N = 15, 48.4%). Blood meal analysis revealed human DNA in two Ph. orientalis (6.4%), hence, the anthropophilic index was 13.3%. Conclusions Multiplex PCR protocol described here allowed the identification of blood meal sources of many vertebrate species simultaneously. The results indicate that wild-caught Ph. orientalis are anthropophilic in the study areas. Further studies on larger blood-fed sample size are required to validate the potential applications of this technique in designing, monitoring and evaluating control programs, particularly in investigating the potential non-human hosts of leishmaniasis.

show abstract

The role of Sergentomyia schwetzi in epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Ethiopia

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

A molecular analysis of sand fly blood meals in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic region of northwestern Ethiopia reveals a complex host-vector system

A molecular analysis of sand fly blood meals in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic region of northwestern Ethiopia reveals a complex host-vector system

Studies of host preferences of wild-caught Phlebotomus orientalis and Ph. papatasi vectors of leishmaniasis in Sudan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About