The role of sentinel lymph node mapping in small animal veterinary medicine: A comparison with current approaches in human medicine

Beer, Patricia; Pozzi, Antonio; Bley, Carla Rohrer; Bacon, Nicholas J.; Pfammatter, Nadja; Venzin, Claudio

doi:10.1111/vco.12372

Cited by 54 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…36,43,69 69,72 Sentinel LN mapping may therefore play a prominent role in determining more locally invasive procedures to remove additional tissue. 73 Visceral metastasis without a detectable metastasis to LNs has been reported in previous literature; therefore, not having a metastatic LN does not completely remove the need to assess liver/spleen for metastasis. 27,28,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]55,60,61 Seven dogs lacked diagnostic liver cytology, therefore additional analysis was performed to exclude these dogs, which did not alter our 56 However we were consistent with current literature in the standards set forth at the start of the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound is a poor predictor of early or overt liver or spleen metastasis in dogs with high‐risk mast cell tumours

Pecceu

Varela

Handel

et al. 2020

Vet Comparative Oncology

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Conflicting evidence exists regarding the importance of routine abdominal ultrasound (US) with hepatic and splenic fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology during staging of canine mast cell tumours (MCT). The objective of this study was to correlate ultrasonographic and cytologic findings in dogs with strictly defined high-risk MCTs and to determine the influence on outcome. Our hypothesis was that US poorly predicts visceral metastasis in high-risk MCTs and that early metastasis is associated with improved outcome when compared to overt metastasis. US of liver and spleen correlated to cytologic results, categorized as no metastasis, early metastasis or overt metastasis. Of 82 dogs prospectively enrolled, 18% had early visceral metastasis and 7% had overt metastasis on cytology; 67% with visceral metastasis had regional LN metastasis. US was a poor predictor of metastasis with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for the spleen of 67%, 68%, 21% and 94%, respectively and for the liver of 29%, 93%, 56% and 82%, respectively. Median time to progression (TTP) for dogs with no metastasis, early metastasis and overt metastasis was not reached, 305 and 69 days, respectively (P < .001). Median survival time (MST) for the 3 groups were not reached, 322 and 81 days, respectively (P < .001). High Patnaik or Kiupel grade, early metastasis, overt metastasis and adequate local control were significantly associated with outcome. Early visceral metastasis was associated with poorer outcome compared to dogs without metastasis, however, a subset of dogs experienced long-term control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound is a poor predictor of early or overt liver or spleen metastasis in dogs with high‐risk mast cell tumours

Pecceu

Varela

Handel

et al. 2020

Vet Comparative Oncology

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“…To our knowledge, this technique has not been previously reported in the horse. Sentinel lymph node mapping is used frequently in treatment planning of various tumours in both humans and small animals to identify metastasis (Beer et al ; Grimes et al ; Favril et al ; Linden et al ). It is a recognised valuable tool in the determination of affected lymph nodes, as metastasis to lymph nodes is considered one of the most important prognostic features in early stage, aggressive tumours and has a high sensitivity (Mariani et al ), limiting unnecessary radical lymph node resection (Pelosi et al ; Brissot and Edery ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical treatment of a mandibular ameloblastic carcinoma with metastases to the mandibular lymph nodes in a pony

Derham

Kushnir

Hoey

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Education

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A 4-year-old Connemara filly was presented with a rapidly growing oral mass on the right rostrolateral mandible and a right mandibular lymphadenopathy. Radiographs of the rostral mandible revealed a lytic, infiltrative mass consistent with soft tissue and mineralised material, and displacement of tooth 403. A biopsy showed characteristic histopathological features of an ameloblastic carcinoma. Subsequent FNA of the right abnormally firm and enlarged mandibular lymph node confirmed the metastatic spread. Computed tomography of the head was performed for surgical planning, including sentinel lymph node mapping to rule out other lymph node involvement. An aggressive lesion, consistent with soft tissue of the rostral right mandible was identified with intralesional contrast injection showing drainage of contrast within the right mandibular lymph nodes (Sentinel node). Based on the infiltrative and destructive nature reported in ameloblastic carcinoma in humans, a rostral mandibulectomy was performed, along with complete mandibular lymphadenectomy. The horse recovered uneventfully from surgery. In the early post-operative period marked lymphoedema of the ventral mandibular region was observed, which resolved 4-5 days post-operatively. Optimal cosmesis was maintained post-operatively, and no recurrence has been observed to date-12 months post-surgery.

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“…Важливими показниками, що можуть свідчити про злоякісніть MCTs є її величина, швидкість росту, а також ступінь проростання в навколишні тканини, насамперед, ураження реґіонарних лімфатичних вузлів та поширення (метастазування) у внутрішні орга-ни (Blackwood et al, 2012;Weishaar et al, 2014;Beer et al, 2018). Тому, в процесі клінічного обстеження увагу звертали на підщелепні, пахвові (аксілярні), поверхневі пахвинні, підколінні, а за потреби й інші регіонарні лімфатичні вузли.…”

Section: рисunclassified

Clinical characteristics of mastocytoma in dogs

2020

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According to foreign researchers, mastocytoma is one of the most common (7-12 %) skin tumors in dogs. This neoplasia is caused by excessive proliferation of mast cells and characterized by a specific clinical course, unpredictable biological behavior and prognosis. Researches of clinical and morphological features of mastocytoma in geographical populations of Ukraine has not only scientific and general biological interest, but also important practical significance. The purpose of the research was to establish the frequency of spreading, the features of the clinical ostent and pathogenesis of cutaneous mastocytoma in dogs in conditions in Lviv and in the suburban zone of the regional center. The research was performed on dogs with skin tumors (n = 128), including 24 of them with mastocytoma, who came to the Department of Surgery and Clinic of Small Pets of Stepan Gzhytskyj LNUVMB during 2016–2020. The diagnosis on mastocytoma was verified by the results of physical examination and cytological examination of biopsy material of neoplasms. It was found that in the structure of oncological diseases of dogs the share of skin neoplasms was 32.16 %. Among animals with skin neoplasms, mastocytoma was diagnosed in 18.75 % of dogs aged 4 to 16 years. The highest incidence rates were found among animals aged 8 to 11 years; the median incidence was 9.5 years and fashion – 9 years. In terms of breeds, cutaneous mastocytoma was found in dogs of the breed: Rottweiler – 16.7 %, Sharpei – 12.5 %, Staffordshire Terrier – 12.5 %, Labrador – 8.3 %, Boxer – 8.3 %, Doberman – 8.3 %, chow-chow – 8.3 %. At the same time, the German Shepherd, Alabai, Spaniel, French Bulldog and Pug cases of the disease were isolated (4.2 %). Among sick animals, dogs accounted for 54.2 % and females for 45.8 %. It was found that in 41.7 % of the studied animals the rate of neoplasia was extremely rapid, because in 56.5 ± 1.91 days the tumors were doubled in size, which is evidence of significant aggressiveness of tumor growth. In 29.2 % of dogs the time of doubling the size of the primary tumor reached 122.1 ± 10.6 days, in 20.8 % of dogs the period of tumor development lasted for two years. In 8.3 % of dogs, the dynamics of neoplasia development is not clear. Sonography has shown that skin mastocytomas are usually visualized as heterogeneous, with uneven edges and fuzzy contours hypoechoic structures. Visualization of solid hypervascular foci with central type of vascularization, on the background of diffuse infiltration of neoplasia in the deeper layers of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, with a pronounced perinodular inflammatory reaction of the surrounding tissues is a sign of malignancy of the mastocytoma. The generalization of the neoplastic process in the internal organs was found, in particular the spleen, may indicate a predominance of the hematogenous route of metastasis of the mastocytoma. The obtained data complement and expand knowledge about the pathogenesis of mastocytoma in dogs, and also highlight the frequency of spreading and course features of this oncological pathology in a separate geographical population of Ukraine.

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The role of sentinel lymph node mapping in small animal veterinary medicine: A comparison with current approaches in human medicine

Cited by 54 publications

References 100 publications

Ultrasound is a poor predictor of early or overt liver or spleen metastasis in dogs with high‐risk mast cell tumours

Ultrasound is a poor predictor of early or overt liver or spleen metastasis in dogs with high‐risk mast cell tumours

Surgical treatment of a mandibular ameloblastic carcinoma with metastases to the mandibular lymph nodes in a pony

Clinical characteristics of mastocytoma in dogs

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