The Role of Sensory Network Dynamics in Generating a Motor Program

Levi, Rafael; Varona, Pablo; Arshavsky, Yu. I.; Rabinovich, M. I.; Selverston, Allen I.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2249-05.2005

Cited by 41 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It represents the input sensory information using both space (neural identity) and time, depends on the stimulus, and, although based on transient dynamics (Rabinovich et al, 2008a), is reproducible and robust against noise. Because of these factors, WLC has been applied to modeling of sequential firing patterns in olfactory systems (Rabinovich et (Selverston et al, 2000;Varona et al, 2002;Levi et al, 2004Levi et al, , 2005.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequentially Switching Cell Assemblies in Random Inhibitory Networks of Spiking Neurons in the Striatum

Ponzi¹,

Wickens²

2010

J. Neurosci.

135

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The striatum is composed of GABAergic medium spiny neurons with inhibitory collaterals forming a sparse random asymmetric network and receiving an excitatory glutamatergic cortical projection. Because the inhibitory collaterals are sparse and weak, their role in striatal network dynamics is puzzling. However, here we show by simulation of a striatal inhibitory network model composed of spiking neurons that cells form assemblies that fire in sequential coherent episodes and display complex identity-temporal spiking patterns even when cortical excitation is simply constant or fluctuating noisily. Strongly correlated large-scale firing rate fluctuations on slow behaviorally relevant timescales of hundreds of milliseconds are shown by members of the same assembly whereas members of different assemblies show strong negative correlation, and we show how randomly connected spiking networks can generate this activity. Cells display highly irregular spiking with high coefficients of variation, broadly distributed low firing rates, and interspike interval distributions that are consistent with exponentially tailed power laws. Although firing rates vary coherently on slow timescales, precise spiking synchronization is absent in general. Our model only requires the minimal but striatally realistic assumptions of sparse to intermediate random connectivity, weak inhibitory synapses, and sufficient cortical excitation so that some cells are depolarized above the firing threshold during up states. Our results are in good qualitative agreement with experimental studies, consistent with recently determined striatal anatomy and physiology, and support a new view of endogenously generated metastable state switching dynamics of the striatal network underlying its information processing operations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequentially Switching Cell Assemblies in Random Inhibitory Networks of Spiking Neurons in the Striatum

Ponzi¹,

Wickens²

2010

J. Neurosci.

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, rather than producing stereotyped rhythms as they were previously thought, they are considered nowadays to be far more flexible systems that can exploit the body dynamics instead of guiding them (cf., Bizzi and Clarac 1999;Rosenblum et al 1998;Selverston et al 2000;Rabinovich et al 2006). For instance, they can adapt their rhythms to the body's ongoing motion via proprioceptive feedback (see Grillner 2006;Levi et al 2005;Ivanenko et al 2005;Lockhart and Ting 2007) and follow multiple synergies at the same time and/or dismiss others (cf. Ting and MacPherson 2005;Ting 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating and modulating rhythms by controlling the physics of the body

Pitti¹,

Niiyama

Kuniyoshi

2010

Auton Robot

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The motion behaviors of vertebrates require the correct coordination of the muscles and of the body limbs even for the most stereotyped ones like the rhythmical patterns. It means that the neural circuits have to share some part of the control with the material properties and the body morphology in order to rise any of these motor synergies. To this respect, the chemical downward neuromodulators that supervise the pattern generators in the spinal cord create the conditions to merge (or to disrupt) them by matching the phase of the neural controllers to the body dynamics. In this paper, we replicate this control based on phase synchronization to implement neuromodulators and investigate the interplay between control, morphology and material. We employ this mechanism to control three robotic setups of gradual complexity and actuated by McKibben type air muscles: a single air muscle, an elbow-like system and a leg-like articulation. We show that for specific values, the control parameters modulate the internal dynamics to match those of the body and of the material physics to either the rhythmical and non-rhythmical gait patterns.

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“…Since the sensory information is often coded in a reference frame that is different from that of the eventual motor act, various spatial transformation strategies that produce spatial maps conforming to neither sensory nor motor topography are adopted by the brain to deal with complex systems (Georgopoulos 1986;Masino and Knudsen 1990;Soechting and Flanders 1992). Furthermore, these centrally generated spatial tuning properties are often frequency dependent, reflecting the interaction of dynamics on spatial transformation (Chacron et al 2005;Johnson et al 1999;Levi et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency-Dependent Spatiotemporal Tuning Properties of Non–Eye Movement Related Vestibular Neurons to Three-Dimensional Translations in Squirrel Monkeys

Chen-Huang

Peterson

2010

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Chen-Huang C, Peterson BW. Frequency-dependent spatiotemporal tuning properties of non-eye movement related vestibular neurons to threedimensional translations in squirrel monkeys. J Neurophysiol 103: 3219-3237, 2010. First published April 7, 2010 doi:10.1152/jn.00904.2009. Responses of vestibular-only translation sensitive (VOTS) neurons in vestibular nuclei of two squirrel monkeys were studied at multiple frequencies to three-dimensional translations and rotations. A novel frequency-dependent spatiotemporal analysis examined in each neuron whether complex models, with unrestricted response dynamics in three-dimensional (3D) space, provided significantly better fits than restricted models following simple, cosine rule. Subsequently, the statistically selected optimal model was used to predict the maximum translation direction, expressed as a unitary vector, Vt max , and its associated sensitivity and phase across frequencies. Simple models were sufficient to quantify the 3D translational responses of 66% of neurons. Most VOTS neurons, complex or simple, exhibited flat-gain or low-pass response dynamics. The Vt max of simple neurons was fixed, whereas that of complex neurons changed with frequency. The spatial distribution of Vt max in simple neurons, which fell within 30°o f either the horizontal plane or/and the sagittal plane, was closely aligned with Vt max of vestibular afferents. In contrast, the frequencydependent Vt max of most complex neurons migrated from the dorsoventral axis at higher frequency toward the horizontal plane, especially the interaural axis, at lower frequency. When the maximum rotation direction was estimated from responses of the same VOTS neurons to 1.2 Hz yaw, pitch, and roll rotations, complex neurons were more likely to respond to rotations activating vertical canals. Responses to 0.15-0.3 Hz linear accelerations produced by inertial or gravitational forces were indistinguishable in most complex neurons but significantly different in most simple neurons. These observations suggest that simple and complex VOTS neurons constitute distinctive vestibular pathways where complex neurons, exhibiting a novel spatiotemporal filtering mechanism in processing otolith-related signals, are well suited to drive tilt-related responses, whereas simple neurons probably mediate pure translation related responses.

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The Role of Sensory Network Dynamics in Generating a Motor Program

Cited by 41 publications

References 39 publications

Sequentially Switching Cell Assemblies in Random Inhibitory Networks of Spiking Neurons in the Striatum

Sequentially Switching Cell Assemblies in Random Inhibitory Networks of Spiking Neurons in the Striatum

Creating and modulating rhythms by controlling the physics of the body

Frequency-Dependent Spatiotemporal Tuning Properties of Non–Eye Movement Related Vestibular Neurons to Three-Dimensional Translations in Squirrel Monkeys

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