The role of selenium, vitamin C, and zinc in benign thyroid diseases and of selenium in malignant thyroid diseases: Low selenium levels are found in subacute and silent thyroiditis and in papillary and follicular carcinoma

Moncayo, Roy; Kroiss, Alexander; Oberwinkler, Manfred; Karakolcu, Fatih; Starzinger, Matthias; Kapelari, Klaus; Talasz, Heribert; Moncayo, Helga

doi:10.1186/1472-6823-8-2

Cited by 51 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…W wielu badaniach na modelach zwierzęcych oraz epidemiologicznych i interwencyjnych stwierdzono korzystny wpływ prawidłowych, a nawet podwyższonych stężeń selenu w surowicy na inicjację, progresję, a nawet przerzuty różnych rodzajów nowotworów, ale nie raka tarczycy [50,102]. Związek pomiędzy zaopatrzeniem w selen i występowaniem raka tarczycy został zweryfikowany w wielu badaniach klinicznych (Tabela I) i w metaanalizie, jednakże nie został jednoznacznie potwierdzony, zwłaszcza w polskiej populacji [103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111]. Dostęp głównie do danych retrospektywnych, relatywnie małe grupy pacjentów i krótki czas obserwacji oraz pojedyncze oznaczenia zaopatrzenia w selen stanowią istotne ograniczenia przeprowadzonych badań.…”

Section: Prace Poglądoweunclassified

“…In many studies on animal models, as well as in epidemiological and interventional surveys, beneficial effects were confirmed of normal or even increased serum selenium concentrations on the initiation, progression, and even metastases of various cancer types but not of thyroid cancer [50,102]. The relationship between selenium supplementation and the incidence of thyroid cancer has been verified in many clinical studies (Table I); however, it has not been unequivocally confirmed, especially in the Polish population [103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111]. The access to mainly retrospective data, the relatively small groups of patients, and the short observation periods, as well as only single assays of selenium concentration levels, were all significant limitations in the performed studies.…”

Section: Prace Poglądowementioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of selenium in thyroid gland pathophysiology

Stuss¹,

Michalska-Kasiczak

Sewerynek³

2017

Endokrynologia Polska

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It is now assumed that proper functioning of the thyroid gland (TG), beside iodine, requires also a number of elements, including selenium, iron, zinc, copper, and calcium. In many cases, only an adequate supply of one of these microelements (e.g. iodine) may reveal symptoms resulting from deficits of other microelements (e.g. iron or selenium). Selenium is accounted to the trace elements of key importance for homeostasis of the human system, in particular, for the proper functioning of the immune system and the TG. Results of epidemiological studies have demonstrated that selenium deficit may affect as many as one billion people in many countries all over the world. A proper sequence of particular supplementations is also worth emphasising for the significant correlations among the supplemented microelements. For example, it has been demonstrated that an excessive supplementation of selenium may enhance the effects of iodine deficit in endemic regions, while proper supplementation of selenium in studied animals may alleviate the consequences of iodine excess, preventing destructive-inflammatory lesions in the TG. This paper is a summary of the current knowledge on the role of selenium in the functionality of the TG.

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Section: Prace Poglądoweunclassified

Section: Prace Poglądowementioning

confidence: 99%

The role of selenium in thyroid gland pathophysiology

Stuss¹,

Michalska-Kasiczak

Sewerynek³

2017

Endokrynologia Polska

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“…This case-control study also showed, when considering the delay from blood sampling to diagnosis of the case, that the protective effect of high serum selenium concentrations was restricted to the seven-year period prior to the diagnosis of thyroid cancer, because the serum selenium concentration of cases tended to decrease, relatively to controls, when the delay from blood sampling to the diagnosis was shorter. Similarly, in an Austrian survey the average selenium blood concentration was 1.14 µmol/l in 554 healthy controls, 0.97 µmol/l in 42 patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma and 1.02 µmol/l in 73 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (Moncayo et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Lack of Association between Fingernail Selenium and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study in French Polynesia

Ren

Kitahara²,

González³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: Numerous studies have suggested that selenium deficiency may be associated with an increased risk for several types of cancer, but few have focused on thyroid cancer. Materials and Methods: We examined the association between post-diagnostic fingernail selenium levels and differentiated thyroid cancer risk in a French Polynesian matched case-control study. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: The median selenium concentration among controls was 0.76 μg/g. Significantly, we found no association between fingernail selenium levels and thyroid cancer risk after conditioning on year of birth and sex and additionally adjusting for date of birth (highest versus lowest quartile: odds-ratio=1.12, 95% confidence interval: 0.66-1.90; p-trend=0.30). After additional adjustment for other covariates, this association remained non-significant (p-trend=0.60). When restricting the analysis to thyroid cancer of 10 mm or more, selenium in nails was non-significantly positively linked to thyroid cancer risk (p-trend=0.09). Although no significant interaction was evidenced between iodine in nails and selenium in nails effect (p=0.70), a non-significant (p-trend =0.10) positive association between selenium and thyroid cancer risk was seen in patients with less than 3 ppm of iodine in nails. The highest fingernail selenium concentration in French Polynesia was in the Marquises Islands (M=0.87 μg/g) and in the Tuamotu-Gambier Archipelago (M=0.86 μg/g). Conclusions: Our results do not support, among individuals with sufficient levels of selenium, that greater long-term exposure to selenium may reduce thyroid cancer risk. Because these findings are based on post-diagnostic measures, studies with prediagnostic selenium are needed for corroboration.

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“…Namely, in lack of iodine the levels of TSH rise and the H 2 O 2 production of thyrocytes increase significantly. However, in lack of selenium antioxidant enzymes are expressed to a reduced extent or their activity is impaired what leads to an injury of the cell membrane and destruction of the cells [4,11,26]. From the cells potential antigens (TPO, TG) are leaking out into the circulation leading to the development -possibly relapse -of an autoimmune process in genetically susceptible individuals [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The human body contains 6 to 14 g of selenium that is stored mostly in the thyroid gland, liver, myocardium, pancreas and testes. It exerts its biological activity by being an important component of certain antioxidant proteins (Table 1) [16,22,26,28]. Se plays a significant role in thyroid function; it affects the formation and breakdown of hormones of the gland, as enzymes containing selenium (deiodinases) are crucial for the conversion of thyroxine (T4) to tri-iodothyronine (T3), i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of selenium therapy on autoimmune thyroiditis

Balázs¹,

Fehér²

2009

Clinical and Experimental Medical Journal

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AbbreviationsAT = autoimmune thyroiditis; n. s. = not significant; Se = selenium; T2 = di-iodothyronine; T3 = tri-iodothyronine; T4 = thyroxine; fT3 = free tri-iodothyronine; fT4 = free thyroxine; TAS = total antioxidant status; TG = thyroglobulin; TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone; TPO = thyroid peroxidase enzyme; vs. = versus Due to its antioxidant capacity, the essential trace element selenium exerts complex effects on the endocrine and immune systems. Selenium may have an important role in autoimmune thyroid diseases because levels of free oxygen radicals are elevated during physiological thyroid hormone synthesis. Objective: To determine whether selenium therapy can influence anti-thyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin antibody levels or if there is a correlation between antioxidant capacity and autoantibody titres. Method: 132 patients with autoimmune thyroiditis were investigated in a prospective, blinded and placebo controlled study. L-thyroxine substitution therapy was administered in both groups and TSH levels remained in the normal range. The selenium treated group (70 patients, 68 female, mean age 41.4 ! 9.5 years) was compared with the placebo treated group (62 patients, 61 female, mean age 42.7 ! 8.3 years). Selenium therapy included oral administration of 100 µg L-seleno-methionine tablets twice a day for a year. Determinations of TSH, fT4 and fT3 as well as antibody levels were carried out by chemoluminescent method. Total antioxidant capacity was determined by Randox kit, and serum selenium levels were measured by atomic absorption technique. In the course of the study patients were controlled every third month and at the end of the one year long observation period. Results: Selenium levels in untreated patients were significantly lower than those in treated patients and controls. The fT3/fT4 ratio proved to be higher in patients after selenium therapy. Titres of antithyroid antibodies (mostly antithyroid peroxidase) significantly decreased at the end of the study. An inverse correlation was found between antioxidant capacity and antithyroid peroxidase levels. The volume of thyroid gland slightly diminished in treated patients. No adverse reactions were observed. Conclusion: Selenium completed with L-thyroxine is a suitable therapy of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis.

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The role of selenium, vitamin C, and zinc in benign thyroid diseases and of selenium in malignant thyroid diseases: Low selenium levels are found in subacute and silent thyroiditis and in papillary and follicular carcinoma

Cited by 51 publications

References 127 publications

The role of selenium in thyroid gland pathophysiology

The role of selenium in thyroid gland pathophysiology

Lack of Association between Fingernail Selenium and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study in French Polynesia

The effect of selenium therapy on autoimmune thyroiditis

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