The role of selected environmental factors and the type of work performed on the development of urolithiasis – a review paper

Abstract

Urolithiasis is a disease of the genitourinary system, which is defined as the presence of urinary stones at any place in the urinary tract, resulting from the precipitation reaction of chemical compounds. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the important role of selected environmental factors (climate, ambient temperature) and the type of profession performed in the development of urolithiasis. In this field, the literature including original and review papers related to the epidemiology, pathogenesis and risk factors of urolithiasis was analyzed. The study used electronic databases such as Medline, Web of Science and Google Scholar. The prevalence of urolithiasis has increased in recent decades in both developed and developing countries. It is believed that this growing trend is associated with lifestyle changes such as the lack of physical activity, poor eating habits and global warming. Many factors are responsible for the formation of urinary stones. In literature, there is a division into individual and environmental factors. Today, external factors in the form of climate changes (global warming), geographical conditions and seasonal fluctuations, and the type of profession performed are becoming more and more important in the context of the occurrence of urinary stones. Currently, the presence of urolithiasis is becoming a significant problem all over the world and searching for causes is not easy, but particular attention should be paid to certain predispositions resulting from environmental factors, such as ambient temperature and the type of work performed.

Influence of drinking water from water supply systems on the occurrence of urolithiasis in residents of the Primorsky territory in 1991–2015

“…Этот процесс реализуется на фоне избыточного содержания в моче какой-либо литогенной субстанции (кальцитов, уратов, оксалатов и др.) вследствие нарушений обмена веществ, сопровождающихся канальцевыми поражениями почек [1,21], или интенсивного экстраренального выведения жидкости из организма [1,3,5]. Справедливость этого положения подкрепляется высокой эффективностью препаратов магния в качестве ингибитора камнеобразования, доказанной в экспериментальных [22] и клинических условиях [1].…”

“…Этот фактор наряду с величиной дис-https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-4-300-306 Original article Литература (п.п. 3,5,7,8,10,[13][14][15]19,23,25,[28][29][30]…”

“…Наряду с индивидуальными факторами (метаболические нарушения, инфекции мочеполовых органов, особенности питания, расстройства уродинамики, гиподинамия и др.) [1][2][3] в возникновении этой патологии участвуют популяционные факторы среды обитания человека, особенно климат [1,[3][4][5] и питьевая вода систем водоснабжения [3,4]. Именно эти территориальные факторы определяют неравномерность географического распространения этой патологии на земном шаре с формированием многовековых эндемических районов [1,6].…”

Association between aldehyde exposure and kidney stones in adults

“…Unfortunately, its prevalence is anticipated to rise further due to a variety of variables, including global warming, since stone disease is more likely to develop in warmer places ( 5 , 6 ), and other environmental pollution-related factors also lead to kidney stones. Rising incidence, such as increased cadmium exposure ( 7 ), increased lead, mercury, and arsenic exposure ( 8 ), as well as ethnic origin, age, and gender, all impact the incidence of kidney stones ( 9 ). It is true that urinary calculi are benign lesions in the short term, but they may cause serious consequences, such as blockage of the urinary system and infection, which can lead to death.…”

Knowledge, Awareness and Dietary Practice on Urolithiasis among General Population in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia: Preliminary Findings

“…Hopefully the results of this study will demonstrate the need for an ongoing urolithiasis education and awareness program, as recommended by a previous researcher. 20 …”