The role of Cairns–Gurevich distributed electrons on obliquely propagating ion‐acoustic waves

Abstract

We used a new distribution of electrons in a two-component magnetized plasma to study the non-linear ion-acoustic solitary structures. The distribution called "Cairns-Gurevich distribution" describes simultaneously the evolution of the energetic electrons and those trapped in the plasma potential well. A modified KdV equation describing the non-linear comportment of the ion-acoustic wave (IAW) was found by using the standard reductive perturbation technique and the appropriate independent variables. The behaviour of the soliton by changing the plasma parameters has been investigated, and we demonstrated that by decreasing the non-thermality parameter, the soliton solution amplitude is enhanced. In addition, we have discussed the growth rate of the solitary waves by calculating the instability criterion. Through discussion, we have conferred how different plasma parameters, such as the trapping, non-thermality, Mach number, obliqueness via the angle of propagation, and magnetic field via the ion-cyclotron frequency, can affect the solitary wave structures. This kind of theoretical studies can be relevant to understand the non-linear propagation of IA solitary waves plasmas of electrons and particles in laser-plasma interaction, pulsar magnetosphere, the auroral zone, and the upper ionosphere, where plasma with trapped and energetic electrons are often present.