“…Children older than those ages link magnetic properties with gravitational phenomena (e.g., Selman, Krupa, Stone, & Jacquette, 1982;Bradamante & Michelini, 2005;Bradamante & Viennot, 2007), a kind of electricity, pressure of air, magnetic stream, a kind of lighting, rays and heat which are concepts derived from everyday life or education (e.g., Barrow, 1987;Erickson, 1994;Bar, Zinn, & Rubin, 1997;Bar & Zinn, 1998;Herrmann, Hauptmann, & Suleder, 2000;Maloney, O'kuma, Hieggelke, & Van Heuvelen, 2001;Anderson, Lucas, & Ginns, 2003;Ravanis, Pantidos, & Vitoratos, 2009). Apart from those studies, there is a focus on mental representations about magnetic field (e.g., Piaget & Chollet, 1973;Erickson, 1994;Borges, Tecnico, & Gilbert, 1998;Ravanis, Pantidos, & Vitoratos, 2009, 2010Cheng & Brown, 2015). Ravanis, Pantidos, and Vitoratos (2010) aimed to investigate students' mental representations about magnetic field in connection to the Newtonian model based on four tasks.…”