The role of psychotherapy as a medical specialty in public health

Abstract

I n t r o d u c t i o n . Non-psychotic mental disorders are most prevalent mental disorders with the high relapse rate and onset in the early adulthood the most active period of life, psychosocial factors play essential role in their ethiopathogenesis. Psychotherapy as method influencing one’s mind and through the mind affecting ones organism is considered to play an essential role in the treatment system of this patients group as well as in medico-psychological support of the patients with somatic illnesses.Obj e c t i v e definition of the modern psychotherapy content as independent medical specialty based on the modern data base of its efficacy research systematization, evaluation of its further perspectives development for the provision of the healthcare for the targeted population of the patients with non-psychotic mental disorders as well as organization of the medico-psychological support for the patients with somatic illnesses, taking into account the possibilities offered by digital technologiesМ e t h o d s . WHO, PubMed, Scopus, Pubmed, Medline, Web of Science, Russian Science citation index Science Citation Index search was conducted on non-psychotic mental disorders epidemiology, COVID-19 pandemic impact on mental health, psychotherapy efficacy and psychotherapeutic treatment settings, possibilities of digital technologies implementation in modern psychotherapy.R e s u l t s . The prevalence of non-psychotic mental disorders is constantly growing in the las years, they make a serious impact in the non-communicable diseases burden, with the increase of the treatment costs. The COVID-19 pandemic is characterized by decrease of mental health well-being, growth of the anxiety and depressive disturbances, also because of the somatogenic disorders included in the post-covid syndrome.The recent studies persuasively demonstrated the efficacy of psychotherapy in the non-psychotic mental disorders treatment, combination of psycho- and pharmacotherapy is defined as the golden standard treatment, the ratio of them should be determined personalized in each individual case. Digital technologies active development, computerized psychotherapeutic programs implementation open new possibilities for the research of the psychotherapeutic treatment mechanisms as well as make psychotherapy more available for the different population groups and can substantially decrease treatment costs in the future.Mental health care provision optimization should be aimed at the greater psychotherapists involvement as the main specialists for diagnostic and complex treatment of non-psychotic mental disorders treatment, development of psychotherapeutic offices network, they could be a center of this patient group healthcare system, as well as for patients recovering from novel coronavirus infection with psychoneurological complains, and can be used for the medico-psychological support of the patients with somatic illnesses.Conclusion. Psychotherapy today is recognized as an effective non-psychotic mental disorders treatment method, in the future it can be used as an epigenetic modulator in the personalized medicine framework, it can be considered as an essential part of the medical-psychological support of the patients with somatic illnesses.