The Role of Prefrontal Abnormalities in Schizophrenia

Hoptman, Matthew J.; Nolan, Karen

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-30410-6_12

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…These results are consistent with increasing evidence that ventral prefrontal regions involved in social cognition are dysfunctional in schizophrenia. 31,51 Recent work, including that from our laboratory, has shown that aggression is associated with abnormalities in this region. For example, in men with schizophrenia, we found that abnormal right ventral prefrontal white matter integrity was associated with increased impulsivity and aggression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…29 Most oftheseinitialstudiesinschizophreniahavefocused on either the DMN broadly or the DLPFC. Little attention has been paid to the role of amygdalar/ventral prefrontal cortex (vPFC) circuitry specifically, 30,31 despite its role in social processing and cognition, 32 which are particularly associated with functional impairments in schizophrenia. Involvement of these circuits is supported by reduced asymmetry of white matter integrity in the uncinate fasciculus, 33 which connects orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and medial temporal regions, in patients with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amygdala/vPFC circuitry is thought to play an important role in the suppression of impulsive/aggressive behaviors. 31,34 For example, damage to the vPFC is associated with increased aggression and hostile attitudes. 35 Patients with schizophrenia show increased levels of aggression, which is particularly augmented by comorbid substance abuse, although the association is present even in nonusers of illicit substances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amygdalofrontal Functional Disconnectivity and Aggression in Schizophrenia

Hoptman

D’Angelo

Catalano

et al. 2009

Schizophrenia Bulletin

135

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A significant proportion of patients with schizophrenia demonstrate abnormalities in dorsal prefrontal regions including the dorsolateral prefrontal and dorsal anterior cingulate cortices. However, it is less clear to what extent abnormalities are exhibited in ventral prefrontal and limbic regions, despite their involvement in social cognitive dysfunction and aggression, which represent problem domains for patients with schizophrenia. Previously, we found that reduced white matter integrity in right inferior frontal regions was associated with higher levels of aggression. Here, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine amygdala/ventral prefrontal cortex (vPFC) functional connectivity (FC) and its relation to aggression in schizophrenia. Twenty-one healthy controls and 25 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder participated. Aggression was measured using the Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire. Regions of interest were placed in the amygdala based on previously published work. A voxelwise FC analysis was performed in which the mean time series across voxels for this bilateral amygdala seed was entered as a predictor in a multiple regression model with motion parameters and global, cerebrospinal fluid, and white matter signals as covariates. Patients showed significant reductions in FC between amygdala and vPFC regions. Moreover, in patients, the strength of this connection showed a significant inverse relationship with aggression, such that lower FC was associated with higher levels of self-rated aggression. Similar results were obtained for 2 other measures--Life History of Aggression and total arrests. These results suggest that amygdala/vPFC FC is compromised in schizophrenia and that this compromise is associated with aggression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amygdalofrontal Functional Disconnectivity and Aggression in Schizophrenia

Hoptman

D’Angelo

Catalano

et al. 2009

Schizophrenia Bulletin

135

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“…“Frontal” or “executive” abnormalities are prominent in patients with schizophrenia (Hoptman and Nolan, 2009); they perform poorly on tasks requiring cognitive control and contextual information processing (e.g., the Stroop (Schooler et al, 1997), the AX version of the Continuous Performance Test and go/no-go tasks (Cohen et al, 1999)). Risk for aggression is increased in patients with schizophrenia compared to individuals without serious mental illness (Swanson et al, 1990; Steadman et al, 1998; Brennan et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-report and laboratory measures of impulsivity in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and healthy controls

Nolan

D’Angelo

Hoptman

2011

Psychiatry Research

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This study examined self-reported impulsivity and aggression and performance on the stop-signal task in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and healthy volunteers. Patients show increased stop-signal reaction time but no difference in post-error slowing, suggesting deficient inhibition but spared error monitoring. Response variability was increased in patients compared to controls.

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