The Role of Precipitates in the Behavior of Young’s Modulus in Aluminum Alloys

Villuendas, A.; Jorba, Jordi; Roca, A.

doi:10.1007/s11661-014-2328-8

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The Young's modulus under as-cast condition is very similar to that under as-deformed condition, 34 which is due to the fact that heat treatment and metal forming do not change the volume fraction of high modulus phases in the aluminum alloys and thereby negligible change has been reported after these processes. 14 The interface between Al matrix and wire reinforcement plays a critical role in stiffness 37 enhancement in the bimetallic materials. Salmon et al 38 investigated the influence of the oxidation of Ni wire on the mechanical properties of Al/Ni bimetallic materials and found that an optimum stress and ductility can be obtained with an appropriate oxidation of the Ni alloy during sintering.…”

Section: Al/nickel Bimetallic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The subsequent mechanical processes are an effective approach to enhance the quality of the interface between matrix and reinforcement in ex-situ cast composites as well as the distribution of high modulus particles, as shown in Table 7. Secondary plastic deformation is not capable of altering the Young's modulus of AMCs; 14 however, these processes can improve the toughness of the composites.…”

Section: Other Particulate-reinforced Amcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Young's modulus decreased from 69 GPa (initial material) to 63 GPa (2.5% strain), then increased to 65% (6% strain) and finally stabilized to 66 GPa (13% strain). Villuendas et al 14 showed that the Young's modulus of AA2024 and AA7075 in solution treated, deformed, and aged alloys were slightly lower (<2% reduction) than those of the undeformed specimens. Despite of deformation and heat treatment, chemical composition and phase constituents are two main factors governing the stiffness properties of casting alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A review on high stiffness aluminum-based composites and bimetallics

Amirkhanlou

2019

Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences

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The Young's modulus of aluminum-based materials is one of the most important mechanical properties in controlling structural performance. The improvement of the Young's modulus of castable aluminum-based materials is essential for improving their competiveness in light weighting structural applications. Currently, there are limited options for cast aluminum alloys with outstanding Young's modulus. Also, for further stiffness improvement and thereby weight lightening, in-depth understanding of the relevant mechanisms for modulus improvement in aluminum alloys is necessary. This review focuses on the Young's modulus of cast aluminum-based composites, as well as aluminum alloys reinforced with continuous metallic fibers (bimetallic materials). The effect of different chemical elements in cast alloys, the constituents of in-situ and ex-situ formed aluminum matrix composites, and the wire-enhanced bimetallic materials on the Young's modulus of aluminum-based materials are reviewed. The Young's modulus of cast aluminum alloys can be improved by: (a) introducing high modulus reinforcement phasessuch as TiB 2 , SiC, B 4 C, and Al 2 O 3into aluminum by in-situ reactions or by ex-situ additions; and (b) forming bimetallic materials with metallic wire/bar reinforcement in the aluminum matrix. The performance of a stiff aluminum alloy depends on the volume fraction, size, and distribution of the high modulus phases as well as the interface between reinforcement and Al matrix. One of the major concerns is the reduction of the ductility of castings after adding specific high modulus phases to increase the Young's modulus. Further research into the improvement of Young's modulus and the ductility of aluminum alloys is necessary through proper selection of reinforcement, optimizing interface, and distribution of reinforcement.

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Section: Al/nickel Bimetallic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Particulate-reinforced Amcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review on high stiffness aluminum-based composites and bimetallics

Amirkhanlou

2019

Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences

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“…For example, Be [4], Li [5], Si [6], Cu [7] and Ni [8] are known to raise the stiffness of Al alloys slightly, while Mg [9] decreases it. Overall, the increase of Young's modulus through adding alloying elements is usually less than 10% in Al alloys, while the presence of strengthening defects such as dislocations and internal interfaces usually lowers the stiffness [10]. Thus, the low Young's modulus value of commercial Al alloys (∼70 GPa) often needs to be compensated by a larger wall thickness and the potential weight reduction provided by these light alloys is not realised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic structure and interface chemistry in a high-stiffness and high-strength Al–Si–Mg/TiB2 nanocomposite

Amirkhanlu

Mostaed

et al. 2019

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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We investigate a new generation of aluminium alloys, Al-Si-Mg/TiB2 nanocomposites, with both high stiffness (Young's modulus 94 GPa) and high yield strength (322 MPa), designed for automotive applications. A significant weight reduction (>30%) can be achieved by these nanocomposites compared with conventional Al alloys in components designed for stiffness. The crystallography and distribution of TiB2 particles and β″ precipitates, as well as the chemistry and structure of Al/TiB2 interfaces, have been characterized at atomic scales. The TiB2 nanoparticles (average particle size ∼450 nm), the main cause of stiffness improvement, were homogeneously distributed within the Al-Si-Mg matrix. The interfaces between Al and TiB2 nanoparticles were mainly parallel to dense planes of the TiB2, including basal {0001}, prismatic {11¯00} and pyramidal {011¯1} planes. All facets show a transitional zone in the alloy matrix, roughly 1 nm in thickness. We also find a Cu-rich layer (∼2 at.%) on pyramidal {011¯1} facets. The β″ precipitates are the main cause of high yield strength and work in conjunction with TiB2 nanoparticles to produce an alloy with outstanding mechanical properties.

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“…2% degradation of Young´s modulus for aluminium alloys). Villuendas et al [17] and Roca et al [18] studied the effect of plastic deformation on the changes of Young´s modulus of metallic alloys. They reported that, in aluminium alloys, there were no appreciable changes in the E value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Prediction of Forming Car Body Parts with Emphasis on Springback

Mulidrán

Šiser

Slota

et al. 2018

Metals

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Numerical simulation is an important tool which can be used for designing parts and production processes. Springback prediction, with the use of numerical simulation, is essential for the reduction of tool try-outs through the design of the forming tools with die compensation, therefore, increasing the dimensional accuracy of stamped parts and reducing manufacturing costs. In this work, numerical simulation was used for performing the springback analysis of car body stamping made of aluminium alloy AA6451-T4. The finite element analysis (FEM) based software PAM-STAMP 2G was used for performing the forming and springback simulations. These predictions were conducted with various combinations of material models to achieve accurate springback prediction results. Six types of yield functions (Barlat89, Barlat2000, Vegter-Lite, Hill90, Hill48 isotropic, and Hill48 orthotropic) were used in combination with the Voce hardening model. Springback analysis was conducted in three sections of the formed part; the numerical results were compared with the experimental values. It was found that the combinations of Barlat's yield functions and the Voce hardening law were most accurate in terms of springback prediction. Additionally, it was found that the phenomena that were investigated, which are required for the determination of the kinematic hardening model, such as the change of Young's modulus E, the transient behaviour, work-hardening stagnation, and permanent softening, were not observed in the aluminium alloy studied.

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The Role of Precipitates in the Behavior of Young’s Modulus in Aluminum Alloys

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

A review on high stiffness aluminum-based composites and bimetallics

A review on high stiffness aluminum-based composites and bimetallics

Atomic structure and interface chemistry in a high-stiffness and high-strength Al–Si–Mg/TiB2 nanocomposite

Numerical Prediction of Forming Car Body Parts with Emphasis on Springback

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