The role of post-mortem computed tomography in assault victims with head trauma in central South Africa

Combrinck, Nantes; Vuuren, Stefan Jansen van

doi:10.4102/sajr.v21i1.1164

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“…The cannonball geodetic satellites of the LAGEOS family, i.e. LAGEOS (L), LAGEOS II (L II) and LARES (LR), entirely covered by passive retroreflectors and tracked on a continuous basis from several ground stations scattered around the world with the Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) technique (Combrinck 2010), are currently used, among other things, to put to the test some predictions of the Einstein's General Theory of Relativity (GTR) (Combrinck 2011(Combrinck , 2013Peron 2014;Lucchesi et al 2015;Ciufolini et al 2015). One of them is known as 1 Lense-Thirring (LT) effect (Lense & Thirring 1918), and its measurement is one of the current goals of the LAGEOS-type satellites in fundamental physics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Testing Frame-Dragging with LAGEOS and a Recently Announced Geodetic Satellite

Iorio

2018

Universe

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Recently, Ciufolini and coworkers announced the forthcoming launch of a new cannonball geodetic satellite in 2019. It should be injected in an essentially circular path with the same semimajor axis a of LAGEOS, in orbit since 1976, and an inclination I of its orbital plane supplementary with respect to that of its existing cousin. According to their proponents, the sum of the satellites' precessions of the longitudes of the ascending nodes Ω should allow one to test the general relativistic Lense-Thirring effect to a ≃ 0.2% accuracy level, with a contribution of the mismodeling in the even zonal harmonics J ℓ , ℓ = 2, 4, 6, . . . of the geopotential to the total error budget as little as 0.1%. Actually, such an ambitious goal seems to be hardly attainable because of the direct and indirect impact of, at least, the first even zonal J 2 . On the one hand, the lingering scatter of the estimated values of such a key geophysical parameter from different recent GRACE/GOCE-based global gravity field solutions is representative of an uncertainty which may directly impact the summed Lense-Thirring node precessions at a ≃ 70 − 80% in the worst scenarios, and to a ≃ 3 − 10% level in other, more favorable cases. On the other hand, the phenomenologically measured secular decaẏ a of the semimajor axis of LAGEOS (and, presumably, of the other satellite as well), currently known at a σȧ ≃ 0.03 m yr −1 level after more than 30 yr, will couple with the sum of the J 2 -induced node precessions yielding an overall bias as large as ≃ 20 −40% after 5 − 10 yr. A further systematic error of the order of ≃ 2 − 14% may arise from an analogous interplay of the secular decay of the inclinationİ with the oblateness-driven node precessions.keywords Experimental studies of gravity; Experimental tests of gravitational theories; Satellite orbits; Harmonics of the gravity potential field Recently, Ciufolini et al. (2017a) announced that a further LAGEOS-type satellite, which we will denote as CiufoLares (CL) in honor of its proponent instead of the rather anodyne

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%