The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids: The possibility of diet intervention in Parkinson's disease

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative illness that causes a gradual loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). The pathophysiology of PD is still unknown, but unusual lipid metabolism has just been discovered as one of the major variables linked with the disease. foundation and practical guidelines for the prevention and treatment of PD. This article discussed the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the pathogenesis of PD, compared the effects of omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) in PD, analyzed the treatment mechanism and methods of ω-3 PUFAs in PD, and proposed new ideas for early intervention of PD. This paper first introduced the classification and source of lipid acids, then analyzed the regulatory role of PUFAs in the pathological process of PD, and then elaborated the neuroprotective effects of ω-3 PUFAs on PD, including anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidation, promoting neuron growth and differentiation, improving neurotransmitter balance. Finally, this paper proposes some dietary intervention suggestions, such as increasing the intake of ω-3 and reducing the intake of ω-6, in order to maintain the balance of lipid metabolism and delay the progression of PD. This paper aims to provide a new theoretical basis and practical guidance for the prevention and treatment of PD.