“…Difference spectra with respect to the spectrum of the preoxidized Cu(1)/CeO 2 are shown in Figure B, and formation rates of CO 2 and H 2 are plotted in Figure C. Exposure of the preoxidized Cu(1)/CeO 2 to CO resulted in CO 2 formation, accompanied by the appearance of broad absorption bands in the band range of 400–800 nm, which were assigned to the Ce 3+ –□–M ( n –1)+ species (hereafter denoted as Ce 3+ –□) on CeO 2 . ,− Considering that the band appears under reductive conditions, the contribution of the d–d transition of the Cu(II) species to the bands is unlikely. After He purging, exposure of the reduced catalyst to H 2 O resulted in the formation of H 2 and CO 2 , accompanied by the disappearance of the bands due to the Ce 3+ –□ species.…”
Kinetic analyses of Ce 4+ ↔ Ce 3+ redox and CO 2 /H 2 formation for the unsteady-state water−gas shift (WGS) reaction under periodic CO ↔ H 2 O feeds to Cu/CeO 2 catalysts are carried out by in situ/operando ultraviolet−vis and infrared studies at 350 °C. Under CO, the Ce 4+ −OH species are reduced to produce H 2 , CO 2 , and Ce 3+ −□ (oxygen vacancy). Under the subsequent feed of H 2 O, Ce 3+ −□ is reoxidized by H 2 O to yield H 2 and Ce 4+ −OH species. The rates of Ce 4+ reduction/ Ce 3+ reoxidation are close to those of CO 2 /H 2 formation for various Cu/CeO 2 catalysts with different Cu loadings, providing quantitative evidence of the redoxbased mechanism of the unsteady-state WGS reaction. Ce 3+ −□ reoxidation by H 2 O has a lower apparent barrier than the Ce 4+ −O reduction step. The H 2 O-promoted desorption of the adsorbed carbonates is responsible for CO 2 formation under H 2 O.The characterization results suggest that the number of interfacial sites between the CeO 2 and Cu species increases with decreasing Cu loading. Turnover frequencies per surface Cu site for the Ce 4+ ↔ Ce 3+ redox reaction and CO 2 /H 2 formation increase with the number of interface sites. An associative redox mechanism based on the redox reaction between the oxidized state (Cu 2+ −OH adjacent to Ce 4+ and Ce 4+ −OH) and the reduced state (Cu + −□−Ce 3+ ) is proposed as the main catalytic cycle of the unsteady-state WGS reaction.
“…Difference spectra with respect to the spectrum of the preoxidized Cu(1)/CeO 2 are shown in Figure B, and formation rates of CO 2 and H 2 are plotted in Figure C. Exposure of the preoxidized Cu(1)/CeO 2 to CO resulted in CO 2 formation, accompanied by the appearance of broad absorption bands in the band range of 400–800 nm, which were assigned to the Ce 3+ –□–M ( n –1)+ species (hereafter denoted as Ce 3+ –□) on CeO 2 . ,− Considering that the band appears under reductive conditions, the contribution of the d–d transition of the Cu(II) species to the bands is unlikely. After He purging, exposure of the reduced catalyst to H 2 O resulted in the formation of H 2 and CO 2 , accompanied by the disappearance of the bands due to the Ce 3+ –□ species.…”
Kinetic analyses of Ce 4+ ↔ Ce 3+ redox and CO 2 /H 2 formation for the unsteady-state water−gas shift (WGS) reaction under periodic CO ↔ H 2 O feeds to Cu/CeO 2 catalysts are carried out by in situ/operando ultraviolet−vis and infrared studies at 350 °C. Under CO, the Ce 4+ −OH species are reduced to produce H 2 , CO 2 , and Ce 3+ −□ (oxygen vacancy). Under the subsequent feed of H 2 O, Ce 3+ −□ is reoxidized by H 2 O to yield H 2 and Ce 4+ −OH species. The rates of Ce 4+ reduction/ Ce 3+ reoxidation are close to those of CO 2 /H 2 formation for various Cu/CeO 2 catalysts with different Cu loadings, providing quantitative evidence of the redoxbased mechanism of the unsteady-state WGS reaction. Ce 3+ −□ reoxidation by H 2 O has a lower apparent barrier than the Ce 4+ −O reduction step. The H 2 O-promoted desorption of the adsorbed carbonates is responsible for CO 2 formation under H 2 O.The characterization results suggest that the number of interfacial sites between the CeO 2 and Cu species increases with decreasing Cu loading. Turnover frequencies per surface Cu site for the Ce 4+ ↔ Ce 3+ redox reaction and CO 2 /H 2 formation increase with the number of interface sites. An associative redox mechanism based on the redox reaction between the oxidized state (Cu 2+ −OH adjacent to Ce 4+ and Ce 4+ −OH) and the reduced state (Cu + −□−Ce 3+ ) is proposed as the main catalytic cycle of the unsteady-state WGS reaction.
“…To effectively remove NO x , many technologies and methods have been explored and developed. 9,10 Among them, the photocatalytic oxidation of NO technology is considered to be the simplest, most effective and most environmentally friendly technology. 11,12…”
A N-doped KNbO3 (N-KNbO3) was prepared through urea and KNbO3 mechanically mixed grinding and calcination. The photocatalytic NO oxidation performance was evaluated at room temperature and under visible light irradiation....
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.