The role of platelets in sepsis

Shannon, Oonagh

doi:10.1002/rth2.12465

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Platelets contribute to the dysregulated inflammatory response in ARDS [ 7 ] and sepsis [ 8 ]. Platelets are important innate immune cells and key mediators of hemostasis and thrombosis [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct phenotypes of platelet, monocyte, and neutrophil activation occur during the acute and convalescent phase of COVID-19

et al. 2021

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SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly worldwide, causing the COVID-19 pandemic. Platelet activation and platelet-leukocyte complex formation are proposed to contribute to disease progression. Here, we report platelet and leukocyte activation during acute and convalescent COVID-19 in patients recruited between May-July 2020. Blood samples were analyzed by flow cytometry and ELISA using paired comparison between inclusion (day 0) and 28 days later. The majority of patients were mildly or moderately ill with significantly higher cytokine levels (IL-6 and IL-10) on day 0 as compared with day 28. Platelet activation and granule release were significantly higher on day 0 compared with day 28, as determined by ADP-or thrombin-induced surface CD62P expression, baseline released CD62P, and thrombin-induced platelet-monocyte complex formation. Monocyte activation and procoagulant status at baseline and post activation were heterogeneous but generally lower on day 0 compared with day 28. Baseline and thrombin-or fMLF-induced neutrophil activation and procoagulant status were significantly lower on day 0 compared with day 28. We demonstrate that during the acute phase of COVID-19 compared with the convalescent phase, platelets are more responsive while neutrophils are less responsive. COVID-19 is associated with thromboembolic events where platelet activation and interaction with leukocytes may play an important role.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct phenotypes of platelet, monocyte, and neutrophil activation occur during the acute and convalescent phase of COVID-19

et al. 2021

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“…Platelet activation and aggregation by the bacteria may contribute to platelet depletion during invasive S. pyogenes infection. Thrombocytopenia, a low platelet count, occurs in sepsis and correlates with pathogenesis and severity of disease ( 45 ). We have previously reported that platelet activation, platelet-neutrophil complex formation, and thrombocytopenia occur in a mouse model of S. pyogenes serotype emm 1 sepsis ( 46 , 47 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Serotypes of Streptococcal M Proteins Mediate Fibrinogen-Dependent Platelet Activation and Proinflammatory Effects

et al. 2022

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Sepsis is a life-threatening complication of infection that is characterised by a dysregulated inflammatory state and disturbed hemostasis. Platelets are the main regulators of hemostasis, and they also respond to inflammation. The human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes can cause local infection that may progress to sepsis. There are more than 200 different serotypes of S. pyogenes defined according to sequence variations in the M protein. The M1 serotype is among ten serotypes that are predominant in invasive infection. M1 protein can be released from the surface and has previously been shown to generate platelet, neutrophil and monocyte activation. The platelet dependent pro-inflammatory effects of other serotypes of M protein associated with invasive infection (M3, M5, M28, M49 and M89) is now investigated using a combination of multiparameter flow cytometry, ELISA, aggregometry and quantitative mass spectrometry. We demonstrate that only M1-, M3- and M5 protein serotypes can bind fibrinogen in plasma and mediate fibrinogen and IgG dependent platelet activation and aggregation, release of granule proteins, upregulation of CD62P to the platelet surface, and complex formation with neutrophils and monocytes. Neutrophil and monocyte activation, determined as upregulation of surface CD11b, is also mediated by M1-, M3- and M5 protein serotypes, while M28-, M49- or M89 proteins failed to mediate activation of platelets or leukocytes. Collectively, our findings reveal novel aspects of the immunomodulatory role of fibrinogen acquisition and platelet activation during streptococcal infections.

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“…Platelets play an important role in the coordinated immune response to an infection; however, during a dysregulated host response such as sepsis, platelet activation can cause inflammatory dysfunction and contribute to organ damage [ 27 ]. A previous study reported that a sharp drop in the serum albumin level due to bacteremia seriously affected the prognosis [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for the prognosis of patients with sepsis in intensive care units

et al. 2022

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Background and purpose To date, sepsis remains the main cause of mortality in intensive care units (ICU). This study aimed analyze the risk factors of the prognosis in sepsis patients. Methods In this case-control study, patients with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit of a Chinese hospital between January and November 2020 were analyzed. Ultrasound and clinical data were analyzed and compared between non-survivors and survivors. The ROC curve analysis was also performed to determine the best indicator for predicting mortality. Results A total of 72 patients with sepsis in ICU were included for analysis. The basic characteristics between the survivals and non-survivals were similar, except for acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) Ⅱ score, sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, lactate level, ultrasound parameters from superior mesenteric artery (SMA) such as peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive index (RI). Univariate analysis revealed that the APACHE Ⅱ score, SOFA score, lactate, low PSV, EDV, and RI were potential risk factors for mortality in sepsis, while multivariate analysis suggested that low PSV was an independent risk factor for mortality, and the adjusted odds ratio was 0.295 (95% CI: 0.094–0.925). The ROC analysis showed that the PSV (AUC = 0.99; sensitivity and specificity were 0.99 and 0.96, respectively) had good predictive value for mortality in sepsis. Conclusion Low PSV as found to be an independent risk factor and good predictor for mortality in patients with sepsis. This study shows the promise of ultrasound in predicting mortality in patients with sepsis; however, further studies are needed to validate these results.

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The role of platelets in sepsis

Cited by 43 publications

References 91 publications

Distinct phenotypes of platelet, monocyte, and neutrophil activation occur during the acute and convalescent phase of COVID-19

Distinct phenotypes of platelet, monocyte, and neutrophil activation occur during the acute and convalescent phase of COVID-19

Distinct Serotypes of Streptococcal M Proteins Mediate Fibrinogen-Dependent Platelet Activation and Proinflammatory Effects

Risk factors for the prognosis of patients with sepsis in intensive care units

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