Abstract:The aim of the study was to determine the role of phosphorus-calcium homeostasis and vitamin D in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis and assess the severity of its course. We examined 72 people, who were divided into two groups: the first group (comparison group) - men and women without pathology of the gastrointestinal tract and any other conditions or diseases that could affect the state of calcium-phosphorus metabolism (n = 36) and the second group (main group) - patients with acute pancreatitis (n = 36… Show more
“…Було встановлено, що у хворих на ГП частота дефіциту вітаміну D (<20 нг/мл) була вірогідно вищою, ніж у здорових осіб, при цьому частота вираженого дефіциту вітаміну D (<10 нг/мл) у пацієнтів з тяжким перебігом ГП була вірогідно вищою порівняно з легким та середньої тяжкості перебігом захворювання і становила 55,6 та 5,6% відповідно. Для пацієнтів на ГП вміст вітаміну D у сироватці крові ≤13,28 нг/мл можна розглядати як вірогідний предиктор тяжкого перебігу захворювання (чутливість тесту -83,3%, специфічність -94,4%) [61].…”
Section: прогнозування та оцінка ступеня тяжкості гпunclassified
Early adequate treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis leads to a decrease in mortality and reduces the financial burden on medical institutions and the patient, which encourages the continued search for optimal markers for assessing severity and predicting the course of the disease. The aim of this work is to study the modern aspects of the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis and the role of various biomarkers in the diagnosis of the severity of the course of the disease and the prediction of its complications. The study of the features of the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis continues, which naturally contributes to the emergence of new diagnostic markers of this disease. It has been proven that most of the etiological factors that cause acute pancreatitis (alcohol, hypoxia, hypercalcemia, hyperlipidemia, certain pharmacological drugs) also contribute to abnormally high oscillations of the Ca2+ level. Therefore, it can be assumed that in acute pancreatitis, Ca2+ is a common trigger for various etiological factors, which trigger the pathological process. In turn, the enzymatic cascade is the starting point for the development of local and systemic inflammatory reactions, manifested by local and systemic effects. Based on the study of the features of the course of severe forms of acute pancreatitis, we established the role of vitamin D deficiency in the development of the disease. In addition, the study of the activity of tissue plasminogen activator and/or the level of thrombin-antithrombin III complex can be interesting as markers of the development of thrombohemorrhagic complications. An increase in the number of positive results of a serological examination for Helicobacter pylori (immunoglobulin M) in patients with a severe course of acute pancreatitis after 7 days from the moment of hospitalization gives reason to consider this indicator as one of the predictors of the development of purulent complications of the disease. Preliminary studies using the proposed diagnostic markers give encouraging results regarding the prognosis for the disease and the life of this extremely complex category of patients.
“…Було встановлено, що у хворих на ГП частота дефіциту вітаміну D (<20 нг/мл) була вірогідно вищою, ніж у здорових осіб, при цьому частота вираженого дефіциту вітаміну D (<10 нг/мл) у пацієнтів з тяжким перебігом ГП була вірогідно вищою порівняно з легким та середньої тяжкості перебігом захворювання і становила 55,6 та 5,6% відповідно. Для пацієнтів на ГП вміст вітаміну D у сироватці крові ≤13,28 нг/мл можна розглядати як вірогідний предиктор тяжкого перебігу захворювання (чутливість тесту -83,3%, специфічність -94,4%) [61].…”
Section: прогнозування та оцінка ступеня тяжкості гпunclassified
Early adequate treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis leads to a decrease in mortality and reduces the financial burden on medical institutions and the patient, which encourages the continued search for optimal markers for assessing severity and predicting the course of the disease. The aim of this work is to study the modern aspects of the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis and the role of various biomarkers in the diagnosis of the severity of the course of the disease and the prediction of its complications. The study of the features of the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis continues, which naturally contributes to the emergence of new diagnostic markers of this disease. It has been proven that most of the etiological factors that cause acute pancreatitis (alcohol, hypoxia, hypercalcemia, hyperlipidemia, certain pharmacological drugs) also contribute to abnormally high oscillations of the Ca2+ level. Therefore, it can be assumed that in acute pancreatitis, Ca2+ is a common trigger for various etiological factors, which trigger the pathological process. In turn, the enzymatic cascade is the starting point for the development of local and systemic inflammatory reactions, manifested by local and systemic effects. Based on the study of the features of the course of severe forms of acute pancreatitis, we established the role of vitamin D deficiency in the development of the disease. In addition, the study of the activity of tissue plasminogen activator and/or the level of thrombin-antithrombin III complex can be interesting as markers of the development of thrombohemorrhagic complications. An increase in the number of positive results of a serological examination for Helicobacter pylori (immunoglobulin M) in patients with a severe course of acute pancreatitis after 7 days from the moment of hospitalization gives reason to consider this indicator as one of the predictors of the development of purulent complications of the disease. Preliminary studies using the proposed diagnostic markers give encouraging results regarding the prognosis for the disease and the life of this extremely complex category of patients.
“…Згідно з класифікацією ГП, що була запропонована у Атланті в 2012 р., виділяють три ступені тяжкості перебігу захворювання. При цьому тяжкий перебіг пов'язаний з розвитком поліорганної недостатності тривалістю понад 48 год, враховуючи респіраторну, серцево-судинну та ниркову дисфункції [2].…”
The aim of our work was to review modern aspects of pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of intra-abdominal hypertension as a complication of the severe course of acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis is a systemic disease, the severe course of which is associated with organ dysfunction and increased intra-abdominal pressure. The frequency of intra-abdominal hypertension in patients with severe acute pancreatitis is 60%, while 10-30% of patients in this category hospitalized in the intensive care unit have abdominal compartment syndrome. An increase in intraabdominal pressure has a negative effect on the course of acute pancreatitis. Namely, multiple organ failure occurs more often; pancreatic and peripancreatic necrosis, prolonged systemic inflammatory response syndrome, complications during the use of enteral nutrition, the need for invasive interventions, the length of hospitalization and the percentage of deaths increase. Determination of intra-abdominal pressure through the urinary bladder in patients with severe acute pancreatitis should be considered as a standard for diagnosing intraabdominal hypertension. It has been proven that the use of paracentesis with drainage of the abdominal cavity in the staged treatment of patients with a complicated course of acute pancreatitis (peripancreatic accumulation of fluid in the early period of the disease) reliably reduces intra-abdominal pressure after 72 h since the detection of fluid (17.4 ± 2.6 and 11.4 ± 1.6 mm Hg), serum amylase (774.3 ± 233.9 and 472.7 ± 168.6 Units/l), procalcitonin (1.3 ± 0.7 and 0.6 ± 0.5 ng/ml) and interleukin-6 (531.3 ± 120.9 and 417.1 ± 82.4 pg/ml). Achievements in intensive care, optimization of indications for surgical interventions, early enteral nutrition, rational use of liquid resuscitation and the growing role of minimally invasive interventions have had a positive effect on the prognosis of acute pancreatitis, overall morbidity and led to a decrease in deaths in this category of patients. However, the prevention and treatment of persistent intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome require further study and improvement.
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