The role of perivascular adipose tissue-secreted adipocytokines in cardiovascular disease

Cai, Meichao; Zhao, Dongsheng; Han, Xiao; Han, Shuang; Zhang, Wenxin; Zang, Zhennan; Gai, Chenchen; Rong, Rong; Gao, Tian

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1271051

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 97 publications

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“…Under pathological conditions, such as metabolic disorder, chronic inflammation, and aging, PVAT undergoes phenotypic changes and becomes a source of inflammatory factors [11] that promote monocyte migration into the vessel wall and macrophage activation [46]. Since PVAT and the vessel wall are interconnected through a bidirectional signaling pathway, the development of atherosclerosis and plaque complications are now considered to be influenced by the combination of "inside-out" and "outside-in" mechanisms [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin Expression in Atherosclerotic Plaques and Perivascular Adipose Tissue: Implications for Vascular Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease

Peiu,

Iosep,

Danciu

et al. 2024

JCM

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Atherosclerosis, a leading cause of peripheral artery disease (PAD), is driven by lipid accumulation and chronic inflammation within arterial walls. Objectives: This study investigates the expression of ghrelin, an anti-inflammatory peptide hormone, in plaque morphology and inflammation in patients with PAD, highlighting its potential role in age-related vascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. Methods: The analysis specifically focused on the immunohistochemical expression of ghrelin in atherosclerotic plaques and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) from 28 PAD patients. Detailed immunohistochemical staining was performed to identify ghrelin within these tissues, comparing its presence in various plaque types and assessing its association with markers of inflammation and macrophage polarization. Results: Significant results showed a higher prevalence of calcification in fibro-lipid plaques (63.1%) compared to fibrous plaques, with a notable difference in inflammatory infiltration between the two plaque types (p = 0.027). Complicated plaques exhibited increased ghrelin expression, suggesting a modulatory effect on inflammatory processes, although this did not reach statistical significance. The correlation between ghrelin levels and macrophage presence, especially the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, indicates ghrelin’s involvement in the inflammatory dynamics of atherosclerosis. Conclusions: The findings propose that ghrelin may influence plaque stability and vascular inflammation, pointing to its therapeutic potential in managing atherosclerosis. The study underlines the necessity for further research to clarify ghrelin’s impact on vascular health, particularly in the context of metabolic syndrome and age-related vascular alterations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin Expression in Atherosclerotic Plaques and Perivascular Adipose Tissue: Implications for Vascular Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease

Peiu,

Iosep,

Danciu

et al. 2024

JCM

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Endothelin-1- and acetylcholine-mediated effects in human and rat vessels: impact of perivascular adipose tissue, diabetes, angiotensin II, and chemerin

Cruz-López,

Tan,

Stolk

et al. 2024

Blood Pressure

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Lesson on obesity and anatomy of adipose tissue: new models of study in the era of clinical and translational research

Luca,

Pezzino,

Puleo

et al. 2024

J Transl Med

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Obesity is a serious global illness that is frequently associated with metabolic syndrome. Adipocytes are the typical cells of adipose organ, which is composed of at least two different tissues, white and brown adipose tissue. They functionally cooperate, interconverting each other under physiological conditions, but differ in their anatomy, physiology, and endocrine functions. Different cellular models have been proposed to study adipose tissue in vitro. They are also useful for elucidating the mechanisms that are responsible for a pathological condition, such as obesity, and for testing therapeutic strategies. Each cell model has its own characteristics, culture conditions, advantages and disadvantages. The choice of one model rather than another depends on the specific study the researcher is conducting. In recent decades, three-dimensional cultures, such as adipose spheroids, have become very attractive because they more closely resemble the phenotype of freshly isolated cells. The use of such models has developed in parallel with the evolution of translational research, an interdisciplinary branch of the biomedical field, which aims to learn a scientific translational approach to improve human health and longevity. The focus of the present review is on the growing body of data linking the use of new cell models and the spread of translational research. Also, we discuss the possibility, for the future, to employ new three-dimensional adipose tissue cell models to promote the transition from benchside to bedsite and vice versa, allowing translational research to become routine, with the final goal of obtaining clinical benefits in the prevention and treatment of obesity and related disorders.

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The role of perivascular adipose tissue-secreted adipocytokines in cardiovascular disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 97 publications

Ghrelin Expression in Atherosclerotic Plaques and Perivascular Adipose Tissue: Implications for Vascular Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease

Ghrelin Expression in Atherosclerotic Plaques and Perivascular Adipose Tissue: Implications for Vascular Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease

Endothelin-1- and acetylcholine-mediated effects in human and rat vessels: impact of perivascular adipose tissue, diabetes, angiotensin II, and chemerin

Lesson on obesity and anatomy of adipose tissue: new models of study in the era of clinical and translational research

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