The Role of Perceived Control in the Process of Older Peoples' Recovery of Physical Functions After Fall-Related Injuries: A Prospective Study

Kempen, Gertrudis I. J. M.; Ormel, Johan; Scaf-Klomp, Winnie; Sonderen, Eric van; Ranchor, Adelita V.; Sanderman, Robbert

doi:10.1093/geronb/58.1.p35

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…According to Rubenstein et al [119], about 4% of falls result in fractures and about 11% result in other serious injuries such as head trauma, soft tissue injuries and severe lacerations. Those who survive falling commonly restrict their activities due to soft tissue injuries and fractures [15,80]. Besides injuries and more evident physical consequences, psychological consequences must also be considered: the fear of falling leads to a large percentage of the elderly individuals restricting their activities [22, 48,130,137].…”

Section: Problems Of Fallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of physical activity in the prevention of falls and their consequences in the elderly

Pereira

Vogelaere

Baptista

2008

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

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This work aims to provide an inventory of the risk factors and consequences of falling in the elderly, namely fractures, and to identify strategies to prevent falls and minimise their effects. Falls in elderly people are a major cause of injuries, leading to a general fear of falling, poorer quality of life and even death. The increase in life expectancy brought by developments in the medical and health sciences has not always brought enhanced quality of life. More elderly people live with reduced functional capacities resulting in a higher prevalence of falls and associated problems for themselves and for society. Risk factors for falling, commonly resulting from normal aging processes, have already been identified through multiple studies. Exercise may play an important role in fall prevention and their consequences. Although, effective strategies are usually multi-disciplinary and focus simultaneously on several risk factors. However, only large-scale prevention programmes can have significant effective social impact. To minimise occurrence and consequences of falls, policies to systematically implement prevention programmes should be established.Keywords Falls . Risk factors for falling . Elderly . Fractures . Physical activity Problems of fallsFalls are a major health problem among the elderly. Thirty percent of people aged 65 and older living in community fall at least once a year [127], and this rate increases with age [108]. As life expectancy increases, there is a higher number of less healthy and less fit elderly people living longer with their infirmities [46,89,107]. Consequently, the risk of falls and their consequences is now greater than before [78,129], as is illustrated by statistics from Finland [75].Falls are the major cause of death related to mechanical injuries in the elderly, and the mortality rate increases when the individual fall rate increases [41, 45,112]. According to Rubenstein et al. [119], about 4% of falls result in fractures and about 11% result in other serious injuries such as head trauma, soft tissue injuries and severe lacerations. Those who survive falling commonly restrict their activities due to soft tissue injuries and fractures [15,80]. Besides injuries and more evident physical consequences, psychological consequences must also be considered: the fear of falling leads to a large percentage of the elderly individuals restricting their activities [22, 48,130,137]. Both of these reasons for loss of functionality can result in the "post-fall anxiety syndrome." Less confidence in the ability to walk safely can lead to further functional decline, depression, feelings of helplessness, social isolation [83,100,119] and consequently a loss of quality of life [3]. Inevitably, also, falls and fear of falling are among the major reasons for the institutionalisation of elderly people [41, 49].According to these factors, falls in the elderly and the resulting injuries have to be considered a social concern, Eur Rev Aging Phys Act (2008) 5:51-58

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Section: Problems Of Fallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of physical activity in the prevention of falls and their consequences in the elderly

Pereira

Vogelaere

Baptista

2008

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

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“…The interrelationship between chronic physical illness, depression or depressive symptoms has been associated with individuals' cognitive-emotional behavioural profiles that are linked to sets of psychosocial resources determining health outcomes (Endler and Parker, 1990;De Ridder and Schreurs, 1996;Zeidner and Saklofske, 1996;Endler et al, 2001;Bisschop et al, 2004). For example, locus of control, an individual's tendency to perceive events as controlled by personal influence of external forces (Rotter, 1966), has been directly related to health outcomes (Wallston et al, 1978;Kempen et al, 2003), including depression (Hermann and Wyler, 1989). In addition, sleep problems have been identified in a plethora of conditions associated with neuropsychiatric illhealth (Morrison et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affective personality as cognitive-emotional presymptom profiles regulatory for self-reported health predispositions

Archer

Adolfsson²,

Karlsson

2008

neurotox res

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Three studies that examined the links between affective personality, as constructed from responses to the Positive Affect (PA) and Negative Affect (NA) Scale (PANAS), and individuals' self-report of self-esteem, intrinsic motivation and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) depression in high school students and persons in working occupations are described. Self-report estimations of several other neuropsychiatric and psychosocial variables including, the Uppsala Sleep Inventory (USI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) test, Dispositional optimism, Locus of control, the Subjective Stress Experience test (SSE) and the Stress-Energy (SE) test, were also derived. Marked effects due to affective personality type upon somatic and psychological stress, anxiety and depression, self-esteem, internal and external locus of control, optimism, stress and energy, intrinsic motivation, external regulation, identified regulation, major sleep problems, problems falling asleep, and psychophysiological problems were observed; levels of self-esteem, self-motivation and BDI-depression all produced substantial effects on health and well-being. Regression analyses indicated PA was predicted by dispositional optimism (thrice), energy (thrice), and intrinsic motivation, and counter predicted by depression (twice) and stress (twice); and NA by anxiety (twice), stress (twice), psychological stress, identified regulation, BDI depression and psychophysiological problems, and counter predicted by internal locus of control and self-esteem. BDI-depression was predicted by negative affect, major sleep problems and psychophysiological problems (Study III), self-esteem by dispositional optimism and energy, and counter predicted by anxiety, depression and stress (Study I), and intrinsic motivation by dispositional optimism, energy, PA and self-esteem (Study II). These convergent findings are interpreted from a perspective of the cognitive-emotional expressions underlying behavioural or presymptomatic profiles presenting predispositions for health or ill health.

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“…The role of psychological attributes in older peoples' psychological and physical functioning has lately become a subject of interest in studies on ageing and on health-related quality of life (e.g., Bienenfeld, Koenig, Larson & Sherrill, 1997;Bosma et al, 2004;Kempen et al, 1999aKempen et al, , 2003Kramer, Kapteyn, Kuik & Deeg, 2002;Mendes de Leon et al, 1996;Ormel et al, 1997;Ranchor et al, 2002a;Roberts, Dunkle & Haug, 1994;Welch & West, 1995), specifically attributes related to a person's sense of control over his/her environment and his/her resources to deal with stressful changes in a particular situation. Perceived control (sometimes also indicated as mastery) concerns the extent to which one regards one's own life-changes as being under one's own control in contrast to being fatalistically ruled (Pearlin & Schooler, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perceived control (sometimes also indicated as mastery) concerns the extent to which one regards one's own life-changes as being under one's own control in contrast to being fatalistically ruled (Pearlin & Schooler, 1978). Personal (as well as social) resources are supposed to modify the negative effects of strains or stressors associated with an advancing age, such as: personal losses, loss of social roles and decline of health status (Kempen et al, 2003). This notion is derived from Folkman's and Lazarus' stress coping paradigm (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apparently, people who can rely on higher levels of control are also better adapted to coping with health problems, both emotionally and practically. This may lead to better preventive and compliance behaviour (Seeman & Seeman, 1983), protection against decline in physical functioning (Femia et al, 1997;Kempen et al, 1999a), quicker recovery of illnesses or injuries ( Johnston et al, 1999;Kempen et al, 2000Kempen et al, , 2003Partridge & Johnston, 1989;Schwalbe & Gecas, 1988) and lower depression scores or higher levels of anxiety (Bienenfeld et al, 1997;Bosma et al, 2004;Turner & Wood, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceived control and long-term changes in disability in late middle-aged and older persons: An eight-year follow-up study

Kempen

Ranchor

Ormel³

et al. 2005

Psychology & Health

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This article examined the predictive role of perceived control in long-term changes in disability among 1541 independently living older persons. Disability referred to self-reported difficulties with (instrumental) activities of daily living. Perceived control referred to the extent to which one assumes oneself as having control over one's life chances, unlike the fatalistic assumption that one's life is ruled by external factors. Data on disability and perceived control were collected in 1993 and recollected in 2001. Covariates included age, gender, living arrangement, level of education, and the number of chronic medical conditions. Regression equations were estimated with disability in 2001 as outcome and the selected variables as predictors. The level of perceived control decreased and the level of disability increased significantly over an 8-year period. The predictive role of perceived control for subsequent change in disability was statistically significant but not very strong. The association between perceived control in 1993 and disability in 2001 was stronger for older persons (>65 years) compared to younger persons ( 65 years).

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The Role of Perceived Control in the Process of Older Peoples' Recovery of Physical Functions After Fall-Related Injuries: A Prospective Study

Cited by 30 publications

References 40 publications

Role of physical activity in the prevention of falls and their consequences in the elderly

Role of physical activity in the prevention of falls and their consequences in the elderly

Affective personality as cognitive-emotional presymptom profiles regulatory for self-reported health predispositions

Perceived control and long-term changes in disability in late middle-aged and older persons: An eight-year follow-up study

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