The Role of Peers in the Complex Etiology of Adolescent Drug Use*

Abstract

We express our appreciation to the students who participated in this project and to Norene Petersen for clerical assistance. CRIMINOLOGY VOLUME 25 NUMBER 2 1987 323 324 JOHNSON, MARCOS, AND BAHR

Disentangling the Relationship Between Child Maltreatment and Violent Delinquency: Using a Nationally Representative Sample

“…Early studies construed religiosity as a unidimensional construct and primarily used church attendance as the sole measure of religiosity (Johnson, Marcos, & Bahr, 1987;Tittle & Welch, 1983). More recent studies, however, tend to acknowledge the multidimensionality of the religiosity construct.…”

Degrading situations and antisocial behaviour: an experimental approach to delinquency

“…The literature recognizes that the presence of peers is particularly important for delinquents (Briar & Piliavin, 1965;Johnson, Marcos, & Bohr, 1987;Sarnecki, 1986). In fact, the presence of peers is frequently mentioned by delinquents as a motive for acting out (Reicher & Emler, 1986;Van Duuren, 1991).…”

“…In fact, the presence of peers is frequently mentioned by delinquents as a motive for acting out (Reicher & Emler, 1986;Van Duuren, 1991). Johnson et al (1987) speak about 'situational pressure' applied by peers. Compared to their nondelinquent counterparts, delinquents are more likely to consider that they are influenced by members of their group and that they influence them (Giordano, Cernkovich, & Pugh, 1986).…”

The sources of behavioral reinforcement : an examination of nonsocial reinforcement theory.

“…Even if an individual's parents were drug users or had pro-drug perspectives, peer influences were still able to mediate the parent and drug use relationship (Johnson, Marcos, & Bahr, 1987). Peers acceptance of marijuana use was found to create a social environment in which marijuana use is an acceptable behavior and allowed for its use to be normalized (Malmberg et al, 2012;Walker, Neighbors, Rodriguez, Stephens, & Roffman, 2011) 1 .…”

“…Learning theories have shown great promise in the ability to predict and explain marijuana use (Akers & Cochran, 1985;Johnson et al, 1987;Meneses & Akers, 2011).…”