The Role of PDGFs and PDGFRs in Colorectal Cancer

Abstract

Introduction. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Angiogenesis was reported as one important mechanism activated in colorectal carcinogenesis. Tumor microenvironment associated angiogenesis involves a large spectrum of signaling molecules and deciphering their role in colorectal carcinogenesis still represents a major challenge. The aim of our study is to point out the diagnosis and prediction role of PDGF family and their receptors in colorectal carcinogenesis. Material and Methods. A systematic search in Medline and PubMed for studies reporting the role of platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and their receptors (PDGFRs) in tumor biology related to CRC was made. Results. PDGFs are important growth factors for normal tissue growth and division, with an important role in blood vessel formation. PDGFs/PDGFRs signaling pathway has been demonstrated to be involved in angiogenesis mainly by targeting pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. High levels of PDGF-BB were reported in CRC patients compared to those with adenomas, while elevated levels of PDGFR α/β in the stroma of CRC patients were correlated with invasion and metastasis. Moreover, PDGF-AB and PDGF-C were correlated with early diagnosis, cancer grading, and metastatic disease. Conclusions. Both PDGFs and PDGFRs families play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis and could be considered to be investigated as useful biomarkers both for diagnosis and treatment of CRC.

ETS variant 5 promotes colorectal cancer angiogenesis by targeting platelet‐derived growth factor BB

“…Among all downregulated targets, PDGF‐BB showed the maximal reduction ( p < 0.001) on both the protein and mRNA levels. PDGFs, including PDGF‐BB, are known to play important roles in activating endothelial cells and angiogenesis in cancer . We therefore aimed to determine whether PDGF‐BB could mediate the promotion of angiogenesis by ETV5.…”

“…PDGFs, including PDGF-BB, are known to play important roles in activating endothelial cells and angiogenesis in cancer. 23 We therefore aimed to determine whether PDGF-BB could mediate the promotion of angiogenesis by ETV5.…”

Involvement of platelet‐derived growth factor ligands and receptors in tumorigenesis

“… AML, acute myeloic leukaemia; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; MDS, myelodysplastic syndrome; PanNET, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour; RCC, renal cell carcinoma. For references see . …”

Nomogram predicting extrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma based on commonly available clinical data

“…Indeed, it has been reported that a high platelet count is associated with systemic metastasis of other human cancers . Mechanistically, platelets have been shown to functionally promote the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells through a variety of molecular mechanisms . On the other hand, thrombocytopenia in cirrhotic patients with HCC suggests a relatively advanced stage of cirrhosis but represents protection from EHM of HCC …”

“…[24][25][26][27][28][29] Mechanistically, platelets have been shown to functionally promote the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells through a variety of molecular mechanisms. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] On the other hand, thrombocytopenia in cirrhotic patients with HCC suggests a relatively advanced stage of cirrhosis but represents protection from EHM of HCC. 39,40 It has been known that large tumor size is predictive of tumor metastasis, which is attributable to an actin cytoskeleton remodeling-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tumor cells in a cell density-dependent manner.…”