The Role of Palladium Nanoparticles as Catalysts for Carbon–Carbon Coupling Reactions

One‐Pot Suzuki/Heck Sequence for the Synthesis of (E)‐Stilbenes Featuring a Recyclable Silica‐Supported Palladium Catalyst via a Multi‐Component Reaction in 1,3‐Propanediol

“…To a suspension of agglomerated silica (10 g, Aerosil 200/ Degussa) in toluene (40 mL) was added PdA C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (acac) 2 (2.8 g). The mixture was then stirred for 2 h at room temperature under argon.…”

“…Indeed, such catalysts display numerous advantages toward their homogeneous analogues: removal of the catalyst by simple filtration, recyclability over several cycles, metal-free reaction media (dissolution-redeposition mechanism [1,2] ), easy-to-handle (mainly air and moisture tolerant), providing therefore economically beneficial and environmentally friendly processes. Particularly, multifunctional heterogeneous Pd catalysts [3,4] have attracted much attention due to their ability to achieve the most relevant chemical transformations like C À C couplings (Heck, Hiyama, Suzuki,…), heteroannulation or hydrogenation.…”

Recoverable Palladium Catalysts for Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐ Coupling Reactions Based on Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Silica Materials Containing Imidazolium and Dihydroimidazolium Salts

“…The dissolution and redeposition of palladium has been proven by several authors [18] for supported catalysts and seems to be effective in our case. Undoubtedly, both the inorganic matrix and the organic moiety of our hybrid materials have a contribution to the nanoparticle stabilization and prevent metal agglomeration.…”

“…[18] Some reports describe the catalytic activity in Suzuki coupling of silica-supported Pd nanoparticles. [19] In some of these cases, the silica support is functionalized with coordinating amino, phosphino or thiol groups, which undoubtedly should contribute to metal nanoparticles stabilization.…”

Catalytically active palladium nanoparticles embedded in an organic-inorganic fluorinated hybrid material

“…The solvent was evaporated, affording 0.91 g (98%) of the desired product as an orange oil. 1 Preparation of nanoparticles PdNPs -4b. A 5 mL round-bottom flask was charged with PdCl 2 (34.1 mg, 0.19 mmol), NaCl (11.0 mg, 0.19 mmol) and MeOH (1 mL).…”