The Role of Overweight and Obesity on Bone Health in Korean Adolescents with a Focus on Lean and Fat Mass

Kim, Hwa Young; Jung, Hae Woon; Hong, Hyunsook; Kim, Jae Hyun; Shin, Choong Ho; Yang, Sei Won; Lee, Young Ah

doi:10.3346/jkms.2017.32.10.1633

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…While obesity is a systemic metabolic disease, it is important to understand the underlying relationship between obesity and bone homeostasis. In humans, evidence indicates that elevated body mass is bene cial [36] and may improve bone quality at certain ages [37]. However, obese individuals have an elevated risk of bone fracture, suggesting that in the longer-term, the presence of excessive adipose tissue may increase bone fragility [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Loading Prevents Obesity-Associated Bone Loss by Maintaining the Balance between Adipocytes and Osteoblasts

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Globally increasing obesity is closely linked to bone homeostasis. Maintaining the balance between differentiate of adipocytes and osteoblasts from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is important for bone homeostasis. While mechanical loading has been shown to improve bone remodeling by promoting osteoblast differentiation, little is known about its effects on obesity-associated bone loss. Methods: Using obese mice induced by high-fat diet and ovariectomy (OVX), the effects of mechanical loading in a form of knee loading (1 N, 5 Hz, 6 min/day) was applied with for 4 weeks. The mice were sorted into five groups: standard diet control (SC), high-fat diet control (HF), HF and loading (HFL), HF and ovariectomy (HO), and HO and loading (HOL). Femurs were harvested for histomorphometry analysis. Bone marrow-derived cells were isolated to examine the banlance between differentiation of adipocytes and osteoblasts. Immunohistochemical analyses and Western blotting analyses were performed to evaluate markers for adipocytes, osteoblasts, and Wnt signaling.Results: High-fat diet presented higher body weight, body fat, and body mass index (BMI), as well as bone loss than standard diet, and the detrimental changes in OVX mice were even higher. The daily application of knee loading significantly decreased BMI, the numbers and perimeter of adipocytes, and the differentiation of adipocytes. The expression of C/EBPα and PPARγ were suppressed by knee loading. The loaded group also presented a significant increase in bone mineral density and contents, and the circumference of trabecular bone. Regarding osteoblasts, knee loading enhanced the number of osteoblasts on bone surface, differentiation of osteoblasts, and the level of Runx2 and ALP. Furthermore, Wnt signaling involved in the effect of knee loading on attenuating obesity-induced bone loss. Conclusions: This study supported evidence that knee loading offers a new therapeutic option to prevent obesity-related bone loss by altering the balance between adipocytes and osteoblasts in the bone marrow, and the effect is associated with Wnt signaling.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Loading Prevents Obesity-Associated Bone Loss by Maintaining the Balance between Adipocytes and Osteoblasts

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, bone mineral density of diabetic patients has been reported to be lower, normal, or even greater compared to age-matched non-diabetic controls [6–8], suggesting that increased fracture risk in diabetics is likely associated with alterations in bone microstructure and material properties. Body fat mass has sex dependent effects on vertebral and femoral bone quality of juveniles, demonstrated by an association of body fat mass with decreased bone stiffness [9,10]. Moreover, the prevalence of obesity and fracture risk are higher in diabetic women than men [11–13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin signaling and the intervertebral disc: Sex dependent effects of leptin receptor deficiency and Western diet on the spine in a type 2 diabetes mouse model

Natelson

Lai

Krishnamoorthy

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AbstractType 2 diabetes and obesity are associated with back pain in juveniles and adults and are implicated in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. Hypercaloric Western diets are associated with both obesity and type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine if obesity and type 2 diabetes result in spinal pathology in a sex-specific manner using in vivo diabetic and dietary mouse models. Leptin is an appetite-regulating hormone, and its deficiency leads to polyphagia, resulting in obesity and diabetes. Leptin is also associated with IVD degeneration, and increased expression of its receptor was identified in degenerated IVDs. We used young, leptin receptor deficient (Db/Db) mice to mimic the effect of diet and diabetes on adolescents. Db/Db and Control mice were fed either Western or Control diets, and were sacrificed at 3 months of age. Db/Db mice were obese, while only female mice developed diabetes. Female Db/Db mice displayed altered IVD morphology, with increased intradiscal notochordal band area, suggesting delayed IVD cell proliferation and differentiation, rather than IVD degeneration. Motion segments from Db/Db mice exhibited increased failure risk with decreased torsional failure strength. Db/Db mice also had inferior bone quality, which was most prominent in females. We conclude that obesity and diabetes due to impaired leptin signaling contribute to pathological changes in vertebrae, as well as an immature IVD phenotype, particularly of females, suggesting a sex-dependent role of leptin in the spine.

show abstract

“…However, other aspects—some modifiable, others not—are involved in high bone mineral density (BMD) values in adulthood. Factors closely-related to BMD include a balanced diet, regular physical activity (PA), and an adequate body mass index (BMI) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ], but some gynecological and reproductive elements have also been associated with the BMD of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women; namely, age at menarche, pregnancy status, and lactation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Measurements of Bone Mineral Density in Young and Middle-Aged Adult Women in Relation to Dietary, Anthropometric and Reproductive Variables

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to compare current measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN), and total femur (TF) regions with initial values recorded 12 years ago in women from Northwest Mexico, and evaluate their correlation with dietary, anthropometric, and reproductive variables. BMD was assessed by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Participants were grouped as follows: Nulliparous (G1); women who were mothers 12 years ago (G2); and women who were nulliparous 12 years ago, but are now mothers (G3). In all three groups, current LS BMD was higher than initial (p ≤ 0.05) and current TF BMD in G2 was higher than initial values (p ≤ 0.05). When comparing current FN and TF BMD among the three groups, G2 had higher values than G3 (p ≤ 0.05). G2 also showed higher LS BMD than G1 and G3 (p = 0.006). Age at menarche was inversely-correlated with FN and TF BMD in G1 (p < 0.01), while the body mass index (BMI) correlated positively with all three bone regions in G2 (p < 0.05). This study shows that in women without and with children, age at menarche, BMI, and age were factors associated to BMD in healthy subjects in reproductive age.

show abstract

The Role of Overweight and Obesity on Bone Health in Korean Adolescents with a Focus on Lean and Fat Mass

Cited by 34 publications

References 39 publications

Mechanical Loading Prevents Obesity-Associated Bone Loss by Maintaining the Balance between Adipocytes and Osteoblasts

Mechanical Loading Prevents Obesity-Associated Bone Loss by Maintaining the Balance between Adipocytes and Osteoblasts

Leptin signaling and the intervertebral disc: Sex dependent effects of leptin receptor deficiency and Western diet on the spine in a type 2 diabetes mouse model

Comparison of Measurements of Bone Mineral Density in Young and Middle-Aged Adult Women in Relation to Dietary, Anthropometric and Reproductive Variables

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About