The Role of Organic Matter in the Formation of High-Grade Al Deposits of the Dopolan Karst Type Bauxite, Iran: Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Sulfur Isotope Data

Ellahi, Somayeh Salamab; Taghipour, Batoul; Nejadhadad, Mostafa

doi:10.3390/min7060097

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…High contents of Pb in urban land use imply that intensive human activities such as emissions from vehicles, industrial effluents, mining activities, and discharge from old deposits (e.g., Nuilukeng Pb-Zn and Xiaxidi Ag) may have high contributions. Similar results were reported by previous studies [2,47,56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Sources, Spatial Distribution and Extent of Heavy Metals in Relation to Land Use, Lithology and Landform in Fuzhou City, China

Sodango

Sha

et al. 2021

Minerals

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Assessing the spatial distribution of soil heavy metals in urban areas in relation to land use, lithology and landform may provide insights for soil quality monitoring. This study evaluated the spatial distribution, the sources and the extent of heavy metal(loid)s in the topsoil of Fuzhou city, China. A combination of GIS and multivariate approaches was used to determine the spatial distribution and the sources of heavy metals. Additionally, analysis of variance was used to determine the variability of selected heavy metals across land use, landform, and lithology. The result show that the mean concentrations of Cd, Zn, As and Pb were higher than background values. Most of the heavy metals had significant correlations with each other. In particular, V and Fe (0.84 at p < 0.01) and Ni and Cr (0.74 at p < 0.01) had strong correlations, while Cu and Fe (0.68 at p < 0.01), Cu and V (0.63 at p < 0.01), Cu and Co (0.52 at p < 0.01), Zn and Ni (0.51 at p < 0.01), Co and Fe (0.54 at p < 0.01), and Cu and Zn (0.55 at p < 0.01) had moderate correlations. Arsenic, Cu, and Zn had significant positive correlations with total nitrogen (TN). Similarly, arsenic, Zn and Cr had positive correlations with total carbon (TC), while Co had negative correlations with TN and TC at p < 0.01. The peak values for Cr, Ni, Pb, Mn, and Zn were observed in the intensively urbanized central and eastern parts of the study area, suggesting that the main sources might be anthropogenic activities. Agricultural land use had the highest content of Cd, which may be attributed to the historical long-term application of agrochemicals in the area. Additionally, its content was significantly higher in agricultural land use with shale lithology, implying that shale lithology was a key geogenic source for Cd of soils in the study area. Pb content was affected by urban land use, which may be attributed to intensive human activities such as emissions from vehicles, industrial effluents, mining activities, and other discharges. The results show the high spatial variability of heavy metal(loid)s, implying that the soils in the study area were highly influenced by both geogenic variability and human activities. Moreover, land use and lithology had significant impacts on the variability of Cd, As and Pb. Sustainable agricultural practices and urban management are recommended to sustain the eco-environment of coastal city.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Sources, Spatial Distribution and Extent of Heavy Metals in Relation to Land Use, Lithology and Landform in Fuzhou City, China

Sodango

Sha

et al. 2021

Minerals

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“…On the other hand, the low oxygenation of soils such as "paddy soils" also limits microbial activity, slowing down the mineralization of organic matter. A previous study also reported increased SOC in bauxite lithology due to increased pyrite, owing to redox reactions [78].…”

Section: Soc Distribution Across the Landform Land Use And Lithologymentioning

confidence: 81%

Modeling the Spatial Dynamics of Soil Organic Carbon Using Remotely-Sensed Predictors in Fuzhou City, China

Sodango

Sha

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing

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Assessing the spatial dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential for carbon monitoring. Since variability of SOC is mainly attributed to biophysical land surface variables, integrating a compressive set of such indices may support the pursuit of an optimum set of predictor variables. Therefore, this study was aimed at predicting the spatial distribution of SOC in relation to remotely sensed variables and other covariates. Hence, the land surface variables were combined from remote sensing, topographic, and soil spectral sources. Moreover, the most influential variables for prediction were selected using the random forest (RF) and classification and regression tree (CART). The results indicated that the RF model has good prediction performance with corresponding R2 and root-mean-square error (RMSE) values of 0.96 and 0.91 mg·g−1, respectively. The distribution of SOC content showed variability across landforms (CV = 78.67%), land use (CV = 93%), and lithology (CV = 64.67%). Forestland had the highest SOC (13.60 mg·g−1) followed by agriculture (10.43 mg·g−1), urban (9.74 mg·g−1), and water body (4.55 mg·g−1) land uses. Furthermore, soils developed in bauxite and laterite lithology had the highest SOC content (14.69 mg·g−1). The SOC content was remarkably lower in soils developed in sandstones; however, the values obtained in soils from the rest of the lithologies could not be significantly differentiated. The mean SOC concentration was 11.70 mg·g−1, where the majority of soils in the study area were classified as highly humus and extremely humus. The soils with the highest SOC content (extremely humus) were distributed in the mountainous regions of the study area. The biophysical land surface indices, brightness removed vegetation indices, topographic indices, and soil spectral bands were the most influential predictors of SOC in the study area. The spatial variability of SOC may be influenced by landform, land use, and lithology of the study area. Remotely sensed predictors including land moisture, land surface temperature, and built-up indices added valuable information for the prediction of SOC. Hence, the land surface indices may provide new insights into SOC modeling in complex landscapes of warm subtropical urban regions.

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“…The elements, such as iron (194,912 ± 30,229 ppm), mercury (2.63 ± 0.40 ppm), arsenic (25.17 ± 37.49 ppm), lead (108.06 ± 78.88 ppm), copper (100.09 ± 32.79 ppm) were detected in bauxite mining soil in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia [37]. Aluminum was determined in the formation of High-Grade Al Deposits of the Dopolan Karst Type Bauxite, Iran [38] while pollutant of arsenic, lead, and copper were also detected in bauxite mining soil from Bintan Island, Indonesia [39]. AM fungi ameliorate metal toxicity as they intensify the plant's ability to tolerate metal stress [40].…”

Section: Growth Of Colonized Forest Tree Seedlings In the Nurserymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungal Inoculation on Growth of Tropical Tree Species under Nursery and Post-Opencast Bauxite Mining Field in Bintan Island, Indonesia

Prematuri

Turjaman²,

Tawaraya

2020

IJPSS

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The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of native AM fungal inoculation on the growth of Gmelina arborea, Samanea saman, Falcataria moluccana, and Enterolobium cyclocarpum under nursery and post-opencast bauxite mining field conditions. Two native AM fungi, Rhizophagus clarus and Gigaspora decipiens, were inoculated into seeds of G. arborea, S. saman, F. moluccana, and E. cyclocarpum. The seeds were sown in post-bauxite mining soil and grown in the nursery for three months. Seeds without AM inoculation were used as the control treatment. The seedlings were transplanted into a post-opencast bauxite mining field and grown for 12 months. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization and shoot and root dry weights were measured. Under nursery conditions, G. arborea inoculated with G. decipiens increased shoot and root dry weights by 1,431 and 359 %, respectively, while shoot dry weight of E. cyclorapum inoculated with R. clarus and G. decipiens increased by 510 and 220%, respectively, in comparison with control seedlings. Root dry weight of E. cyclorapum inoculated with R. clarus increased by 224%, in comparison with control seedlings. Shoot dry weight of E. cyclorapum inoculated with R. clarus increased by 90%, in comparison with seedlings inoculated by G. decipiens. Twelve months after transplanting into post-opencast field conditions, the shoot dry weight of F. moluccana inoculated with G. decipiens was higher than that of the control seedlings by 188%. Shoot dry weight of E. cyclorapum inoculated with R. clarus and G. decipiens increased by 198% and 149%, respectively, in comparison with control seedlings. Shoot dry weight of E. cyclorapum seedlings inoculated with R. clarus was higher by 20% than that of seedlings inoculated with G. decipiens. These results show that AM fungal inoculation promotes the growth of tropical tree species on post-opencast bauxite mining land.

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The Role of Organic Matter in the Formation of High-Grade Al Deposits of the Dopolan Karst Type Bauxite, Iran: Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Sulfur Isotope Data

Cited by 11 publications

References 53 publications

Sources, Spatial Distribution and Extent of Heavy Metals in Relation to Land Use, Lithology and Landform in Fuzhou City, China

Sources, Spatial Distribution and Extent of Heavy Metals in Relation to Land Use, Lithology and Landform in Fuzhou City, China

Modeling the Spatial Dynamics of Soil Organic Carbon Using Remotely-Sensed Predictors in Fuzhou City, China

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungal Inoculation on Growth of Tropical Tree Species under Nursery and Post-Opencast Bauxite Mining Field in Bintan Island, Indonesia

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