The Role of Oils Addition to Diets and its Effect on Ration Consumption and Production Profomance Recovery of Dairy Goats

Abstract

Fifteen Zaraibi nanny goats were divided into three groups (N=5/group) and randomly assigned to three experimental diets: (1) control diet group free of oil (G1) fed concentrate fed mixture (CFM) + berseem hay (BH), (2) trial diet group (G2) received CFM+ BH+ linseed oil and (3) trial diet group (G3) fed CFM+BH+ sunflower oil (oil bottles are not suitable for marketing). All goats in G2 and G3 group received oils at the rate of 3% of dry matter intake. The study included evaluation of rations' consumption from flushing to mating, from trimester to parturition, during suckling and lactation months. Also, productive performance recovery included changing body weight of maternal, offspring number, litter size, average birth body weight of kids (at four days post-received colostrum), suckling milk amount, body weight of weaning kids, trading milk, blood metabolites and economic efficiency. The results indicated that oils addition in G2 and G3 reduced feedstuffs consumption from flushing up to parturition, during suckling and lactation months compared to goats in G1 group. Subsequently, the total consumption of rations for G1, G2 and G3 were 1200, 1191, and 1189 g / h /d from flushing to mating; 1390, 1380, and 1380 g / h /d during trimester to parturition; 1497, 1427 and 1427 g / h /d during suckling and 1223, 1210 and 1202 g / h /d during milking months, respectively. Consequently, the productive performance recovery such as changing body weight of maternal in G1, G2 and G3 groups from flushing (36.80, 36.78 and 36.44 kg) to parturition (37.48, 38.00 and 38.12 kg), offspring numbers was 8, 10 and 11 kids, litter size recorded 2.00, 2.50 and 2.20% and average body weight of birth kids reached to 2.90, 3.60 and 4.70 kg, respectively. Furthermore, the nanny goats in diet of G1 showed a lower (P < 0.05) suckling milk amount (1.79, 2.05, 1.92, 1.43 and 1.25kg /h) than nanny goats in G2 (2.75, 2.70, 2.65, 2.03 and 1.55 kg/h) and G3 (2.88, 3.05, 2.70, 2.20 and 1.58 kg/h) through evaluation period at 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days post-partum, respectively. In addition, body weight of kids at weaning recorded significant (P<0.05) differences among G1, G2 and G3, being 9.40, 11.10 and 11.90 kg, respectively. When, G2 and G3 groups received oils they could show the highest (P<0.05) yield of milk (363 and 389 kg) than goats in G1 (262 kg) during lactating months, respectively. But, no variation (P > 0.05) was observed in blood parameters among G1, G2 and G3, except glucose (62.35, 68.88 and 69.86 mg/dl) and calcium (9.01, 10.11 and 10.45 mg/dl). The economic efficiency indicated the best estimate in G3 (72.53%) followed by G2 (65.98%) and the less within G1 (55.55%). The results showed that the addition of linseed and sunflower oils to goats' rations could lead to a lower consumption of diet during critical periods (from flushing to parturition) of production. In addition, it has been found a better production performance recovery and economic efficiency than those fed feedstuffs alone.