The Role of Nutrition in Cancer Patients

Barreira, João Vasco

doi:10.1080/01635581.2020.1839519

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Aside from inflammation, the relationship between poor nutritional status and tumors also deserves attention [ 41 ]. Unlike other diseases, GC patients usually have a higher nutritional risk due to persistent gastric outlet obstruction, dietary restriction, malabsorption, chronic blood loss, and tumor consumption [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value of Albumin to D-Dimer Ratio in Advanced Gastric Cancer

Zhang

Wang²,

Xiao

et al. 2021

Journal of Oncology

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Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Notably, patients with advanced GC have a poor prognosis and quality of life, prompting the need for further studies on its prognostic markers. Among these, albumin and D-dimer are often used as prognostic factors in the prediction of a variety of tumors. Moreover, the albumin to D-dimer ratio (ADR) may be an improved predictor of chemotherapy effect and survival compared to albumin and D-dimer alone, but few studies have investigated this issue. Thus, we explored the relationship between pretreatment ADR and prognosis in advanced GC treated with first-line chemotherapy. A total of 247 advanced unresectable GC patients treated with first-line chemotherapy were retrospectively included. The cut-off value for ADR was determined using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The ADR had a cut-off value of 41.64. Compared to albumin and D-dimer alone, ADR had the highest area under curve (AUC) value (AUC = 0.730), followed by albumin (AUC = 0.659) and D-dimer (AUC = 0.719). Additionally, we found that patients with a low ADR (<41.64) had a lower disease control rate (77.9% vs. 92.5%, P < 0.01 ), shorter overall survival (OS) (271 vs. 389 days), and shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (118 vs. 192 days) than patients with a high ADR (≥41.64). Similar results were also found on subgroup analysis, and ADR was found to be an independent advanced GC prognostic factor on multivariate analysis (all P < 0.001 ). Low ADR was found to be correlated with poor therapeutic effects of chemotherapy and shortened OS and PFS. Therefore, pretreatment ADR may be a useful tool for predicting the effect of chemotherapy and prognosis in advanced GC patients treated with first-line chemotherapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value of Albumin to D-Dimer Ratio in Advanced Gastric Cancer

Zhang

Wang²,

Xiao

et al. 2021

Journal of Oncology

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“…The sooner a patient is diagnosed with low tumor burden, the higher the survival will be (28)(29)(30)(31)(32). Early stage lung cancer patients have by definition low tumor burden since the main lesion is ≤3 cm and infiltrated lymphnodes are N0-N1 disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung cancer, treatment and nutritional status

et al. 2021

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Lung cancer is often diagnosed at inoperable advanced stages, and most patients exhibit cancer cachexia. The nutritional status of patients has been previously observed to serve a key role in cancer survival and cancer surgery. The aim of the current study was to collect information regarding the treatment of patients and associate them with different nutritional measurements. A total of 82 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were included in the present study. Several parameters were assessed, such as body mass index (BMI), Mediterranian diet score, number of years spent smoking, basic metabolsim (RMR; kcal/day), VO 2 (ml/min), ventilation (lt/min) and physical activity. All the aforementioned parameters were associated with patient treatment, nutritional status and survival. Two-way ANOVA was conducted and pairwise group mean differences were tested using Fisher's LSD and Tukey tests. Normality and variance homogeneity was checked in all cases. The results revealed that RMR and oxygen consumption were negatively affected by the survival status of patients (P=0.012 and P=0.043, respectively). The mean fat difference was higher in patients treated with immunotherapy, and lower in those treated with chemotherapy in addition to immunotherapy, as demonstrated by Tukey comparisons. The survival of 25 patients were affected by the treatment they received (P=0.006). Chemotherapy administered in addition to immunotherapy prolonged patient life almost two-fold when compared with the individual effects of the two treatments, which became equal according to Fisher's LSD comparisons.In conclusion, the nutritional status of patients was associated with the administration of chemotherapy in addition to immunotherapy, and patient survival. Increased metabolism and fat mass were also associated with prolonged survival.

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“…However, this standard evaluation system ignores demographic and other clinical features, such as immune and in ammatory status, which may contribute to its heterogeneity. Malnutrition is a common comorbidity and a consequence of the increase in in ammatory cytokines associated with cancer and metabolic alterations in most patients with malignant tumours [19]. Cancer malnutrition or cachexia, re ected by hypoalbuminemia and hyperlymphocytosis, is associated with increasing morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer [20,21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperative Prognostic Nutritional Index and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index for Predicting the Long-Term Recurrence-Free Survival of Patients with High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer After Transurethral Resection of a Bladder Tumour: A Cohort Study

Jia

Shang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background The predictive values of preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) for long-term recurrence-free survival (RFS) in high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) have not been fully elucidated. Hence, this study aimed to examine the associations between PNI and SII as well as RFS in patients with high-risk NMIBC who received intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) after transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT).Methods We retrospectively collected data on 387 high-risk NMIBC patients between January 2004 and December 2014. Preoperative PNI was calculated as albumin concentration (g/L)+5×total lymphocyte count (109/L), while preoperative SII was defined as neutrophil count (109/L)×platelet count (109/L)/lymphocyte count (109/L). The optimal cut-off values of PNI and SII were determined via a receiver operating characteristic analysis. RFS was evaluated via a Kaplan–Meier analysis. Between-group differences were compared using the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the predictive values of PNI and SII for RFS.Results Patients were divided into two groups according to the cut-off values of PNI (<50.17 vs ≥50.17) and SII (<467.76 vs ≥467.76). Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed that low PNI and high SII were associated with poor RFS in patients with high- and higher-risk NMIBC. Furthermore, based on univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, PNI and SII were independent predictive factors of RFS in patients with high-risk NMIBC.Conclusion Preoperative PNI and SII are simple, noninvasive, inexpensive and useful tools for predicting long-term RFS among patients with high-risk NMIBC who received intravesical instillation of BCG after TURBT.

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The Role of Nutrition in Cancer Patients

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Prognostic Value of Albumin to D-Dimer Ratio in Advanced Gastric Cancer

Prognostic Value of Albumin to D-Dimer Ratio in Advanced Gastric Cancer

Lung cancer, treatment and nutritional status

Preoperative Prognostic Nutritional Index and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index for Predicting the Long-Term Recurrence-Free Survival of Patients with High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer After Transurethral Resection of a Bladder Tumour: A Cohort Study

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