The Role of Nutrition in Periodontal Health: An Update

Abstract

Periodontal health is influenced by a number of factors such as oral hygiene, genetic and epigenetic factors, systemic health, and nutrition. Many studies have observed that a balanced diet has an essential role in maintaining periodontal health. Additionally, the influences of nutritional supplements and dietary components have been known to affect healing after periodontal surgery. Studies have attempted to find a correlation between tooth loss, periodontal health, and nutrition. Moreover, bone formation and periodontal regeneration are also affected by numerous vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. The aim of this review is to critically appraise the currently available data on diet and maintenance of periodontal health and periodontal healing. The effects of nutritional intervention studies to improve the quality of life and well-being of patients with periodontal disease have been discussed.

Role of vitamin C in wound healing after dental implant surgery in patients treated with bone grafts and patients with chronic periodontitis

“…The role of nutrients and vitamins for periodontal health and wound healing has been extensively investigated in other studies. 22,23 The wound healing process is typically composed of three consecutive and overlapping stages, including inflammation, new tissue formation, and remodeling. 24 In addition, the healing process involves a cascade of events, such as blood clot formation, neutrophil adhesion, and formation of granulation tissue, which is followed by connective tissue reepithelialization and the formation of mature tissues.…”

“…The role of nutrients and vitamins for periodontal health and wound healing has been extensively investigated in other studies 22,23. The primary outcome of this clinical trial was that postoperative administration of vitamin C improved the healing potential in patients suffering from chronic periodontitis and patients treated with GBR or Bio-Oss Collagen grafts.…”

Periodontal disease severity is associated with micronutrient intake

“…Poor nutrition has also been found to be a major factor in the development of periodontal diease . While the exact mechanism by which poor nutrition leads to periodontal disease has not been fully elucidated, nutritional factors modulate the inflammatory response and deficiencies result in an exaggerated response .…”

The association between dietary habits and periodontal disease in young adult women

“…In addition, the nutrients and food consumed have also been reported to be correlated with periodontal disease. Shariq Najeeb et al suggested that decreased consumption of vitamins and minerals, particularly vitamin C, which has antioxidant activity, was highly associated with periodontal disease; however, vitamin C supplementation was not effective in treating periodontal disease [15]. Varun Kulkami et al showed a similar intake of particular nutrients in patients with and without periodontal disease.…”