The role of non-coding RNA in the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori-related gastric cancer, with a focus on inflammation and immune response

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the globally recognized causative factors of gastric cancer (GC). Currently, no definite therapy and drugs for H. pylori-related GC have been widely acknowledged although H. pylori infection could be eradicated in early stage. Inflammation and immune response are spontaneous essential stages during H. pylori infection. H pylori may mediate immune escape by affecting inflammation and immune response, leading to gastric carcinogenesis. As an important component of transcriptome, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been proven to play crucial roles in the genesis and development of H. pylori-induced GC. This review briefly described the effects of ncRNAs on H. pylori-related GC from the perspective of inflammation and immune response, as well as their association with inflammatory reaction and immune microenvironment. We aim to explore the potential of ncRNAs as markers for the early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of H. pylori-related GC. The ncRNAs involved in H. pylori-related GC may all hold promise as novel therapeutic targets for immunotherapy.

Identification of Immune Infiltrating Cell-Related Biomarkers in Early Gastric Cancer Progression

“… 24 Following HP infection, innate immunity is be activated, releasing pro-inflammatory factors and immune cells and altering the local immune microenvironment, which is closely related to the progression of GC. 25 Previous studies have shown that the immune microenvironment is more active in EGC than in GPLs. 26 Consistent with this, our results showed that from LGIN to HGIN to EGC, infiltration levels of most immune cells and immune scores gradually increased.…”