The Role of Natural Killer Cells in Viral Infections

See, Darryl M.; Khemka, P.; Sahl, Lisa; Bui, Tammy; Tilles, Jeremiah G.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-121.x

Cited by 39 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In the former cases, they are believe to represent reactive cells that proliferate in response to a stimulus and that play an important role in host defense by exhibiting cytotoxicity against tumor and virus-infected cells, whereas in the latter case the malignant NK-cell population shows autonomous proliferation (7,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “ex Vivo” Patterns of CD2/CD7, CD57/CD11c, CD38/CD11b, CD45RA/CD45RO, and CD11a/HLA-DR Expression Identify Acute/Early and Chronic/Late NK-Cell Activation States

Lima

Almeida

Teixeira

et al. 2002

Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases

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ABSTRACT:To define a dynamic sequence of phenotypic changes related to early and late phases of NK-cell activation, we have analyzed by four-color flow cytometry the immunophenotype of normal blood NK-cells from 12 healthy individuals and compared it with those from 15 patients with acute viral infections and 15 patients with either chronic infections or tumors. Although a great interindividual variability was found, nonstimulated CD56 ϩ NK-cells, present in normal blood samples, usually were CD2 Ϫ/ϩlo , CD7 ϩhi , HLA-DR Ϫ , CD11b ϩ , CD38 ϩ , CD11a ϩhi , CD45RA ϩhi , and CD45RO Ϫ , the expression of CD11c and CD57 being heterogeneous and variable. Recently activated NK-cells, herein corresponding to NK-cells from patients with acute viral infections, displayed a pattern of expression of CD2/CD7 similar to that referred to above, but they typically showed higher levels of CD11a, CD38, and HLA-DR, as well as downregulation of CD11b and CD45RA, accompanied in some cases by coexpression of CD45RO; in addition, these NK-cells were CD11c ϩ and CD57 Ϫ/ϩlo . Late-activated NK-cells, represented by NK-cells present in patients with chronic infections and tumors, converted into a CD2 ϩhi /CD7 Ϫ/ϩlo immunophenotype and expressed heterogeneously low levels of CD38 and CD11b; moreover, they were CD57 ϩ and CD11c Ϫ/ϩ . At this stage, most NK-cells had already reverted into their original CD45RA ϩ /CD45RO Ϫ /HLA-DR Ϫ phenotype. In summary, we show that the patterns of expression of CD2/CD7, CD57/CD11c, CD38/CD11b, CD45RA/CD45RO, and CD11a/HLA-DR may help us to define the immunophenotypic profiles associated with early and late NK-cell activation phases in "in vivo" models. © 2002 Elsevier Science (USA)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “ex Vivo” Patterns of CD2/CD7, CD57/CD11c, CD38/CD11b, CD45RA/CD45RO, and CD11a/HLA-DR Expression Identify Acute/Early and Chronic/Late NK-Cell Activation States

Lima

Almeida

Teixeira

et al. 2002

Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases

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“…2 NK cells are know n to play a role in the defense against viral infections, particularly those of the Herpesviridae as well as hepatitis B. 3 NK cells have been reported to produce chemokines, which inhibit infection, by both macrophage-trop ic and T celltropic strains of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. 4 Evidence suggests that NK cells may also play a role in the induction of effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and a role in the differentiation of CD4 1 cells into helper T type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of the Impact of HIV Infection on Natural Killer Cell Number and Function in Thais and North Americans

Souza

Karnasuta²,

Brown³

et al. 2000

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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Innate immunity may play a role in preventing HIV infection and progression to AIDS. Most studies of natural killer (NK) cell function have been conducted in populations with different HLA allele frequencies and HIV subtypes than those found in Southeast Asia. NK cell number and function, defined as CD3- cells expressing CD16+/CD56+ and the ability to lyse K562 cells, were enumerated in 42 HIV-seronegative Thais and 20 HIV-seronegative North Americans. The number and percentage of NK cells were similar for both groups, but cytotoxicity function expressed as lytic units (LU20) of NK cells was significantly greater in the Thai subjects compared with the North American subjects (p = 0.004). Comparisons were also conducted between the HIV-seronegative groups and HIV-infected subjects from both Thailand and North America. NK cell number and function were not significantly different between the Thai HIV-seronegative and -seropositive groups. However, the comparison between the North American HIV-seronegative and -seropositive subjects demonstrated profound impairment of NK cell number, percentage, and function (p < 0.001). Matching the Thai and North American HIV-infected subjects on CD4+ cell count revealed higher NK number and function in the Thai subjects (p < 0.001). The study indicates that NK function in both HIV-seronegative and -seropositive Thais is elevated relative to similar groups in North America.

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“…However, several pathogens have evolved a range of strategies to limit the efficacy of the host response, to persist and be transmitted to other hosts. Natural killer (NK) cells are an important frontline defense against a number of pathogens (1), in particular viruses belonging to the herpesvirus family (2). NK cell functions are tightly regulated by the activities of both inhibitory and activating cell surface receptors (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Murine cytomegalovirus m157 mutation and variation leads to immune evasion of natural killer cells

Voigt

Forbes

Tonkin

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

175

185

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Effective natural killer (NK) cell recognition of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV)-infected cells depends on binding of the Ly49H NK cell activation receptor to the m157 viral glycoprotein. Here we addressed the immunological consequences of variation in m157 sequence and function. We found that most strains of MCMV possess forms of m157 that evade Ly49H-dependent NK cell activation. Importantly, repeated passage of MCMV through resistant Ly49H ؉ mice resulted in the rapid emergence of m157 mutants that elude Ly49H-dependent NK cell responses. These data provide the first molecular evidence that NK cells can exert sufficient immunological pressure on a DNA virus, such that it undergoes rapid and specific mutation in an NK cell ligand enabling it to evade efficient NK cell surveillance.

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The Role of Natural Killer Cells in Viral Infections

Cited by 39 publications

References 68 publications

The “ex Vivo” Patterns of CD2/CD7, CD57/CD11c, CD38/CD11b, CD45RA/CD45RO, and CD11a/HLA-DR Expression Identify Acute/Early and Chronic/Late NK-Cell Activation States

The “ex Vivo” Patterns of CD2/CD7, CD57/CD11c, CD38/CD11b, CD45RA/CD45RO, and CD11a/HLA-DR Expression Identify Acute/Early and Chronic/Late NK-Cell Activation States

A Comparative Study of the Impact of HIV Infection on Natural Killer Cell Number and Function in Thais and North Americans

Murine cytomegalovirus m157 mutation and variation leads to immune evasion of natural killer cells

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