The Role of Nasal Cytology in the Diagnosis of Atrophic Rhinitis

Gelardi, Matteo; Cassano, Michele

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-51705-2_6

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…7 In a previous study, we observed a reduction in GCs compared with haired cells when nasal inflammation reduced. 26 In the present study, the mean count of both haired cells and GCs remained almost constant after therapy, and the ratio between them did not show any significant differences either. A possible explanation is that 1 month of therapy might not be enough to restore the ratio between these two groups of cells, although a reduction of inflammatory cells is present, as suggested by our results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

“…It is also not easy to explain why we did not observe a reduction of GCs compared with hair cells after therapy as we would have expected and as we observed in a previous experience. 26 27 A possible explanation may be that a 1-month therapy session may be too short to observe significant changes in the numbers of these 2 cell types. Further studies and a larger study sample are required in order to better clarify all the aspects of our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycyrrhizin and Mannitol Nasal Therapy: Cytological and Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Rhinitis

Pagliuca

Clemenzi

Martellucci

et al. 2023

Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Introduction Chronic rhinitis (CR) represents a widespread inflammation with a high incidence in the general population. Although it is generally considered a benign condition, CR has a relevant impact on quality of life and requires a specific treatment approach. Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of glycyrrhizin and mannitol intranasal treatment on chronic rhinitis using cytological analysis and subjective evaluation of symptoms. Methods A total of 55 patients suffering from chronic rhinitis were enrolled in the present study, 34 with allergic rhinitis (AR) and 21 with nonallergic rhinitis (NAR). The severity of four different nasal symptoms was determined by using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Specimens obtained by nasal scraping were collected for cytological analysis. Data were acquired before and after a 30-day treatment with glycyrrhizin and mannitol nasal spray. Statistical analyses were performed. Results The VAS scores for all four nasal symptoms considered in the present study, as well as for neutrophil cells, reduced significantly after therapy in both allergic and nonallergic patients. The number of eosinophils was not significantly lower in nonallergic patients. Conclusion A 30-day topical treatment with glycyrrhizin and mannitol may improve nasal symptoms and reduce inflammatory cells in the nasal mucosa in patients with chronic rhinitis without significant contraindications. Further studies could support our results and would better clarify all the aspects of this treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycyrrhizin and Mannitol Nasal Therapy: Cytological and Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Rhinitis

Pagliuca

Clemenzi

Martellucci

et al. 2023

Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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“…As reported by Myszkowska [48], in patients with allergic rhinitis, squamous epithelial cells may appear in larger numbers due to the reaction of the sensitive nasal mucosa to airborne allergens to which the patient is allergic. Also, the cytoplasmic vacuolization (Figure 2e) and the breakdown of the cell nucleus (karyorrhexis) (Figure 3b) demonstrated in squamous cells are examples of degenerative changes in inflammatory conditions [49,50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Columnar cells did not show any degenerative changes typical of the inflammatory process, such as free cell nuclei, vacuolization changes in the cell nucleus, or an enlarged nucleolus, so in this context we can also conclude that azelastine exerts an anti-inflammatory effect. However, significant changes were identified, such as the presence of numerous multinucleated cells (Figures 6f and 7d) and binucleated cells (Figure 6c), which indicate the gradual regeneration of the ciliated epithelium [26,49,50] The renewal of the epithelium was also supported by the basal cells present in the swab (Figures 6b and 7b), which are stem cells for columnar and goblet cells [20]. Damage to the ciliated epithelium caused by inflammatory mediators may require increased epithelial cell turnover to repair this damage [61].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytological Study of Topical Effect of Azelastine Hydrochloride on the Nasal Mucous Membrane Cells in Various Nasal Rhinitis Types

Trybus,

Król

2023

Cells

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Previous reports on the benefits of using local therapy with azelastine in rhinitis focus on the assessment of clinical symptoms and the analysis of nasal lavage for the presence of inflammatory cells and the expression of adhesion molecules. Little attention has been paid to studies assessing the effect of azelastine on individual cytotypes of the nasal mucosa, especially epithelial cells, also in the context of inducing morphological changes. The aim of this study was the cytological analysis of swabs taken from the surface of the nasal mucosa of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and nonallergic/vasomotor rhinitis (NAR/VMR) who were subjected to 4 weeks of therapy with azelastine and then comparing the obtained results with the pre-treatment condition. The technique of obtaining materials for cytoanalysis included sampling, staining of smears, microscopic analysis, and preparation of cytograms. Our studies confirmed the therapeutic benefits of azelastine in both study groups. Significant changes were demonstrated, confirming the regeneration of ciliated cells and the induction of autophagy and apoptosis in epithelial cells. Such changes indicate new mechanisms of action of azelastine, which play a significant role in restoring homeostasis in the nasal mucosa. The presented research also results in a detailed description of cytological changes in both studied rhinitis types, which complements the knowledge regarding prognostic indicators.

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“…The sensitivity of this diagnostic method was estimated at 52.2% in AR, while the specificity of the test in atopic diseases was 94.1% (54) . According to other authors, a nasal swab for eosinophils is not sensitive and specific enough to be used as a basis for diagnosis (55) . Significant results were also obtained by Gelardi et al The authors showed that in patients with seasonal AR, the cytological smear obtained from a nasal swab differed significantly depending on whether it was collected during or outside the pollen season (56) .…”

Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergy as a potential aetiology of micturition disorders in children

Rakowska-Silska,

Lipińska-Opałka,

Jobs

et al. 2023

Pediatr Med Rodz

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Introduction: In the paediatric population, the co-occurrence of micturition disorders with allergic diseases is often observed. The aim of this study was to demonstrate whether allergic aetiology may be a potential cause of micturition disorders in children. Materials and methods: The study included 69 children who were divided into two main cohorts: patients with and without voiding disorders. Among them, subgroups of children with allergies and children without allergic reactions were distinguished. In all patients, the absolute and percentage content of eosinophils in the blood and selected immune parameters were assessed. The usefulness of minimally invasive diagnostic methods in the diagnosis of allergic aetiology of micturition disorders in children was also evaluated. Results: It was shown that in the cohort of patients with voiding disorders, monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis occurred statistically more commonly in the group of children with atopy compared to the children without atopy. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of the percentage values of immune parameters. It was found that urine cytology and urethral swab were not helpful tools in assessing allergic reactions in the bladder. Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis co-occurs with allergy significantly more often than with other types of voiding disorders. The importance of urine cytology and urethral smear for the presence of eosinophils in demonstrating the allergic aetiology of micturition disorders in children was not confirmed.

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The Role of Nasal Cytology in the Diagnosis of Atrophic Rhinitis

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Glycyrrhizin and Mannitol Nasal Therapy: Cytological and Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Rhinitis

Glycyrrhizin and Mannitol Nasal Therapy: Cytological and Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Rhinitis

Cytological Study of Topical Effect of Azelastine Hydrochloride on the Nasal Mucous Membrane Cells in Various Nasal Rhinitis Types

Allergy as a potential aetiology of micturition disorders in children

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