The role of nanomaterials in energy storage: A comparative review of USA and African development

Abstract

This Review provides a succinct overview of a comparative review examining the role of nanomaterials in energy storage, focusing on developments in the United States (USA) and Africa. Nanomaterials have emerged as key players in revolutionizing energy storage technologies, with significant implications for global energy sustainability. In the USA, advancements in nanomaterials for energy storage have been at the forefront of research and development efforts. Nanostructured materials, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and various metal oxides, have demonstrated exceptional properties, enhancing the performance of energy storage devices like batteries and supercapacitors. This review explores the latest innovations in the USA, highlighting the strides made in improving energy storage capacity, charging rates, and overall efficiency through the integration of nanomaterials. Contrastingly, the African continent has been an arena for unique challenges and opportunities in the realm of energy storage. Despite facing resource constraints and limited access to state-of-the-art research facilities, African researchers have showcased resilience and ingenuity in utilizing nanomaterials for energy storage solutions. This comparative analysis sheds light on the distinctive approaches taken by African nations, emphasizing indigenous innovations and locally sourced materials to address energy storage needs in a sustainable and context-specific manner. The review encompasses an examination of the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of nanomaterial applications in energy storage, drawing comparisons between the two regions. It considers the accessibility and affordability of nanomaterial-based technologies, exploring their potential to bridge energy disparities and foster economic development, particularly in African communities. As the global community strives to transition towards cleaner and more sustainable energy systems, understanding the diverse landscapes of nanomaterial research and development is imperative. This comparative review serves as a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders, offering insights into the nuanced dynamics of nanomaterial utilization in energy storage across the USA and Africa. It encourages collaborative efforts and knowledge exchange to propel the equitable advancement of energy storage technologies, ensuring that innovations benefit diverse populations and contribute to a more inclusive and sustainable energy future.