The role of molecular genetic alterations in genes involved in folate and homocysteine metabolism in multifactorial diseases pathogenesis

Burdennyy, A. M.; Логинов, В. И.; Заварыкина, Т. М.; Брага, Э. А.; Kubatiev, A. A.

doi:10.1134/s1022795417040044

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…A different DHFR enzyme activity is decisive for the relative ratio between optimal DNA methylation and faithful DNA replication [43]. One of the main functional polymorphisms within DHFR gene is a 19-base pair insertion/deletion (19bp ins/del) (rs70991108) in the promoter/first intron of the gene [68,100], associated with a limited ability of the enzyme to convert THF into 5,10-methylene THF [68]. Alongside DHFR also holds additional important non-folate-related roles in converting dihydrobiopterin (BH2) to tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) which is the co-factor for dopamine and serotonin enzymatic production [101].…”

Section: Dhfr Gene and Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics and Epigenetics of One-Carbon Metabolism Pathway in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Sex-Specific Brain Epigenome?

Tisato

Silva

Longo

et al. 2021

Genes

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition affecting behavior and communication, presenting with extremely different clinical phenotypes and features. ASD etiology is composite and multifaceted with several causes and risk factors responsible for different individual disease pathophysiological processes and clinical phenotypes. From a genetic and epigenetic side, several candidate genes have been reported as potentially linked to ASD, which can be detected in about 10–25% of patients. Folate gene polymorphisms have been previously associated with other psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, mainly focused on gene variants in the DHFR gene (5q14.1; rs70991108, 19bp ins/del), MTHFR gene (1p36.22; rs1801133, C677T and rs1801131, A1298C), and CBS gene (21q22.3; rs876657421, 844ins68). Of note, their roles have been scarcely investigated from a sex/gender viewpoint, though ASD is characterized by a strong sex gap in onset-risk and progression. The aim of the present review is to point out the molecular mechanisms related to intracellular folate recycling affecting in turn remethylation and transsulfuration pathways having potential effects on ASD. Brain epigenome during fetal life necessarily reflects the sex-dependent different imprint of the genome-environment interactions which effects are difficult to decrypt. We here will focus on the DHFR, MTHFR and CBS gene-triad by dissecting their roles in a sex-oriented view, primarily to bring new perspectives in ASD epigenetics.

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