The role of mitochondrial DNA damage in the citotoxicity of reactive oxygen species

Costa, Rute Alves Pereira e; Romagna, Carolina Domeniche; Pereira, Jacyara Lopes; Souza-Pinto, Nadja C. de

doi:10.1007/s10863-011-9329-8

Cited by 42 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Basically, ROS can oxidize amino acids cysteine and methionine, resulting in the production of dithiol and methionine sulfoxide crosslinks, respectively [66]. Moreover, reactive species also can cause protein modification by nitration of tyrosine and by nitrosation of amino acids with thiol group.…”

Section: Protein Adductsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress: Noxious but Also Vital

Bagatini¹,

Jaques²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2018

Novel Prospects in Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress

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The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defenses determines the condition called oxidative stress. When there is an increase in ROS production or a decrease in the antioxidant defenses, this systemic antioxidant/pro-oxidant imbalance may lead to the accumulation of oxidative damage, which, in turn, may lead to a modification of biomolecules. These consist of reactions resulting in protein adducts, DNA oxidation, and formation of lipid peroxides, which, in turn, reduce the cellular functional capacity and increase the risk of disease development. The body has natural scavenging systems against free radicals and other reactive species. However, sometimes the endogenous antioxidant capacity is exceeded by the production of ROS. When this occurs, exogenous antioxidants exert important function for the human health. These bioactive compounds act preventing and neutralizing the formation of new reactive species and free radical s .I ns o m ec a s e s ,a n increase of ROS can help the host to resolve an infection or even to control the tumor growth. Finally, the levels of ROS can be perceived by signal transduction pathways involving known targets(i.e.,p53,Ras,andNF-κB) and regulate physiopathological events such as the cellular cycle, apoptosis, and inflammation.Keywords: reactive species, cellular oxidation, antioxidant system, health, disease © 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Cellular respiration and generation of reactive species in the mitochondria: implications in cell viability and agingOxidative phosphorylation is the center of energy metabolism in plants, animals and several microbial life forms [1]. In eukaryotes, this process occurs in mitochondria. The mitochondria is a cytoplasmic organelle surrounded by two membranes, outer and inner membrane, which main function is the production of most of the phosphate compounds necessary for the energetic balance of the cell. In addition, other functions such as the regulation of the body'sheatgeneration [2][3][4] programmed cell death [5][6][7], reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cell signaling [8] is also associated with mitochondria. Cellular vitality is directly related to mitochondria, and mitochondrial dysfunctions are frequent causes of accidental cell death [5,[9][10][11], cancer [12, 13], diabetes [14][15][16] and neurodegenerative diseases [17][18][19], among others.The characterization of the respiratory electron chain could be performed in studies using the fractionation of its components by certain detergents that at low concentrations break the interactions between proteins and lipids in the membranes, leaving associations between proteins intact [20]. In electron transport chain, through this process, four protein complexes were found....

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Section: Protein Adductsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress: Noxious but Also Vital

Bagatini¹,

Jaques²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2018

Novel Prospects in Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When the mitochondrial generation of ROS exceeds its antioxidant capacity, mitochondrial proteins, lipids and nucleic acids become targets of oxidation. The oxidation of mitochondrial membrane proteins leads to mitochondrial permeability transition which can contribute to the accumulation of oxidative damage in mitochondria and subsequent DNA damage (Costa et al, 2011). ROS can be produced from endogenous sources of mitochondria, peroxisomes and inflammatory cell activation, and exogenous sources including environmental agents, pharmaceuticals and industrial chemicals.…”

Section: Dna Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidative properties of traditional herbal medicines and the application of comet assay on antioxidative study

Szeto¹,

Wong²,

Kalle³

et al. 2013

TANG [HUMANITAS MEDICINE]

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Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in single herb or formula prescription has been used for thousands of years. Many of them possess antioxidant activity and the activity may contribute the therapeutic effect. This paper would review the relationship of traditional herbal medicine and antioxidant with particular reference to ginseng. This medicinal herb has been used worldwide with extensive tonic effect. The comet assay, a technique for DNA protecting and damaging investigation would be introduced and the application of comet assay on TCM would be discussed.

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“…One reason for this shortcoming is that the requirements for in vitro growth are not well characterized due to lack of knowledge regarding activation of primordial and development of primary follicles compared to development of follicles in later stages [11]. In addition, it is known that during in vitro culture of preantral follicles, there is an increase production of reactive oxygen species: ROS [12], which can affect growth, survival and consequently can lead to cell death [13]. In this context, at the present time, there is an increase interest in natural products (medicinal plants) that prevent oxidative damages caused by the ROS and as a result may contribute to promote the activation, survival, growth of preantral follicles in vitro enclosed in ovarian tissue.…”

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confidence: 99%

Justicia insularis Improves the in vitro Survival and Development of Ovine Preantral Follicles Enclosed in Ovarian Tissue

Mbemya¹,

Guerreiro²,

Donfack³

et al. 2017

JPP

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Objectives: Evaluating the addition effect of J. insularis extract and FSH on the survival, activation and ROS production after in vitro culture of ovine preantral follicles enclosed in ovarian tissue. Methods: In the first experiment, ovarian fragments were fixed (non-cultured control) or in vitro cultured in α-MEM + (cultured control), α-MEM + supplemented with FSH 50 ng/mL, or in α-MEM + supplemented with J. insularis (JUS0.3; 1.25 or 5 mg/mL) for 1 or 7 days, at 39˚C, 5% CO 2 . In the second experiment, fragments were fixed or cultured in α-MEM + supplemented with anethole 300 µg/mL + FSH 50 ng/mL or in α-MEM + supplemented with anethole 300 µg/mL + 0.3 mg/mL JUS. Key findings: JUS0.3 was the only treatment that maintained the percentage of morphologically normal follicles similar to non-cultured control even after 7 days of culture. After 7 days of culture, a higher (p < 0.05) percentage of developing follicles was observed in JUS5 treatment compared with the other treatments except JUS1.25. In the second experiment, FSH maintained the percentage of normal follicles and promoted activation of primordial follicles. A reduction (p < 0.05) of stromal cell density was observed in MEM + +ANE supplemented with JUS or FSH. Conclusions: J. insularis in a concentration-dependent manner maintained the levels of ROS and improved in vitro follicular survival and activation of ovine primordial follicles.

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The role of mitochondrial DNA damage in the citotoxicity of reactive oxygen species

Cited by 42 publications

References 60 publications

Oxidative Stress: Noxious but Also Vital

Oxidative Stress: Noxious but Also Vital

Antioxidative properties of traditional herbal medicines and the application of comet assay on antioxidative study

Justicia insularis Improves the in vitro Survival and Development of Ovine Preantral Follicles Enclosed in Ovarian Tissue

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