The Role of Mineral Nutrition in Defense

Huber, D. M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-356405-4.50028-9

Cited by 107 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As altas concentrações de Mn são devidas provavelmente à presença do elemento como contaminante na areia, apesar da lavagem ácida, porém não foram observadas alterações no desenvolvimento da planta nestas concentrações. Alta concentração de Mn inibe, por competição, a absorção de Fe e a sua translocação, pois este nutriente é responsável pela ativação de enzimas envolvidas na redução do nitrato, no metabolismo de carboidratos, e na respiração (Huber, 1980). Entretanto, isso não foi verificado no experimento, uma vez que os teores de Fe encontram-se nos níveis considerados adequados.…”

Section: Ferro E Manganêsunclassified

Influência da nutrição mineral na intensidade da mancha-de-olho-pardo em mudas de cafeeiro

Pozza

Martínez

Caixeta

et al. 2001

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -Objetivando avaliar a intensidade da mancha-de-olho-pardo do cafeeiro, variedade Catuaí Vermelho, com relação ao estado nutricional das plantas quanto a N e K, realizou-se um experimento no viveiro da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, em Viçosa, MG, utilizando solução nutritiva circulante. Empregaram-se 16 tratamentos, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições e duas plantas por parcela, em esquema fatorial com quatro doses de K (3, 5, 7 e 9 mmol/L) e quatro doses de N (3, 7, 11 e 15 mmol/L). Após sete inoculações de conídios, e avaliações, colheram-se as plantas. A produção de matéria seca total, a área foliar total, e a área abaixo da curva de progresso (AACP) do número total de folhas não foram influenciadas pelas doses de K, mas aumentaram com o incremento das doses de N. Observou-se elevação, na AACP, do número de lesões por folha, e na desfolha com o aumento das doses de K e a redução das doses de N. A elevação nas doses de K promoveu redução nos teores foliares de Ca e Cu. Os teores foliares de P, Mg, Mn e Fe não foram influenciados pelas doses de K e tiveram pequena redução com o aumento de N na solução, elevando-se a seguir.Termos para indexação: Coffea arabica, nutrição das plantas, nutrientes minerais, Cercospora coffeicola, doenças das plantas. Influence of the mineral nutrition on intensity of brown-eye spot in young coffee plantsAbstract -The experiment was carried out at the coffee nursery of the Universide Federal de Viçosa, in Viçosa, MG, Brazil, using nutrient circulating solution to evaluate the intensity of brown-eye spot (Cercospora coffeicola), variety Catuaí Vermelho, as a function of N and K. A completely randomized design with 16 treatments, three replicates, and two plants per plot was used in a factorial with four levels of K (3, 5, 7 and 9 mmol/L) combined with four levels of N (3, 7, 11 and 15 mmol/L). After seven inoculations and evaluations, the plants were picked. Total dry matter production, total leaf area, and the area below the curve of progress (AACP) for the total number of leaves were not influenced by the levels of K, but increased with increasing levels of N. There was increase in AACP areas for the number of lesions per leaf and defoliation, with the increase of K levels, and a reduction of N levels. The increase in K levels reduced the Ca and Cu leaf contents, indicating possible relation between its contents and the increase of the disease. The P, Mg, Mn, and Fe leaf contents were not influenced by the K levels, and had a small reduction with increased N contents in the nutrient solution, increasing thereafter.

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Section: Ferro E Manganêsunclassified

Influência da nutrição mineral na intensidade da mancha-de-olho-pardo em mudas de cafeeiro

Pozza

Martínez

Caixeta

et al. 2001

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…The most important aspect of this is an increase in the ability of the crop to compensate the losses. The effect of indi- vidual nutrients is very complex -the severity of one plant disease can be decreased, that of others increased (Huber 1980). It is generally accepted that calcium increases plant resistance, whereas high rates of nitrogen increase the populations of aphids, acari and the incidence of many diseases (Wermelinger et al 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of fungi to urea, ammonium nitrate and their quimolar solution UAN

Veverka¹,

Štolcová²,

Růžek³

2007

Plant Prot. Sci.

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Veverka K., Štolcová J., Růžek P. (2007): Sensitivity of fungi to urea, ammonium nitrate and their equimolar solution UAN. Plant Protect. Sci., 43: 157-164.The sensitivity of oomycota, saprophytic and pathogenic fungi to urea, ammonium nitrate and UAN (urea plus ammonium nitrate in equimolar solution) was studied in laboratory trials. The compounds were applied in agar in concentrations of 0.06, 0.19 and 0.6M. The most toxic was urea. Ammonium nitrate inhibited the growth of fungi only in higher concentrations. In contrast, the growth of Gaeumannomyces graminis was stimulated by even the highest concentration of 0.6M ammonium nitrate. The fungi most sensitive to urea and UAN were alternaria tenuissima, Botrytis cinerea, cladosporium cladosporioides and Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides. No synergistic effect between the two compounds in UAN was found. Urea was toxic also to colletotrichum acutatum which does not produce urease. Likewise, the urease inhibitor NBPT did not decrease the toxicity of urea to fungi; the urea degradation product ammonia should, therefore, not be assumed to be the only toxic agent. Application of urea in agricultural practice can decrease the population of a pathogen not only by the stimulation of antagonists, but also by the direct toxic effect. The tested concentrations of 0.06-0.6M correspond to 0.36-3.6% (w/w) solution of urea and to 0.64-6.4% UAN used in agricultural practice as a 75% water solution. If the dilution and metabolisation under natural conditions is taken into account, the concentration of urea 0.06M (0.36%) was too low to have an effect of practical importance on fungi. While after application of urea on plants or on plant debris its concentration is increasing due to water evaporation, the concentration of the extremely hygroscopic UAN is decreasing. Therefore, the control effect will depend more on the applied rate than on the concentration.Keywords: urea; ammonium nitrate; UAN; fungi; urease inhibitor NBPT The nutrients in both inorganic and organic fertilisers are able to influence the incidence and severity of biotic plant diseases, pests and weeds populations and their impact on the crop. Most of the information on this aspect deals with the effect of nutrients via plant. Individual elements have different roles; in general it can be said that they change the losses caused by pests by influencing plant resistance, alter plant growth and in this way the microclimate in the stand. Increased nutrition used to be prescribed as the first measure to control plant diseases. The most important aspect of this is an increase in the ability of the crop to compensate the losses. The effect of indi-

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“…It is possible that the high N concentration on leaf sheaths favor pathogen infection due to changes in the mechanical resistance of the tissues. The excess of N may inhibit the production of host defense compounds in response to pathogens infection (HUBER 1980). Caldwell et al (2002) studying the effect of the different rates of N applied in maize observed increase of gray leaf spot for the biggest N rate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Nitrogen Content on Rice Leaf Sheaths on Sheath Blight Development

Schurt¹,

Rodrigues²,

Lopes³

et al. 2017

RSA

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Resumo -Este estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses de nitrogênio (N) no desenvolvimento da queima da bainha do arroz (Rhizoctonia solani). Plantas de arroz das cultivares BR-IRGA 409 e Labelle foram crescidas em solução nutritiva contendo 0, 50 e 100 mM de N. O progresso da queima da bainha foi avaliado medindo-se o comprimento relativo da lesão às 48, 72, 96 e 120 horas após inoculação. Os dados foram usados para calcular a área abaixo da curva do progresso do comprimento relativo de lesão (AACPCRL). À medida que as doses de N aumentaram de 0 para 100 mM, a concentração de N nas bainhas aumentou em 100 e 120% e a AACPCRL aumentou em 17,6 e 23,6% para as cultivares Labelle e BR-IRGA 409, respectivamente. Os resultados demonstraram que a alta concentração de N nas bainhas das plantas de arroz das cultivares Labelle e BR-IRGA 409 favoreceu o desenvolvimento da queima da bainha.Palavras-Chave -Oryza sativa, Rhizoctonia solani, resistência do hospedeiro, macronutriente, nutrição de plantas.Abstract -This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen (N) rates on sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) development. Plants from rice cultivars BR-IRGA 409 and Labelle were grown in nutrient solution containing 0, 50 and 100 mM of N. Sheath blight progress on inoculated leaf sheaths was evaluated by measuring the relative lesion length at 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after inoculation. Data was used to calculate the area under the relative lesion length progress curve (AURLLPC). The N concentration on leaf sheaths increased by 100 and 122% for cultivars Labelle and BR-IRGA 409, respectively, as the N rates increased from 0 to 100 mM. The AURLLPC increased by 17.6 and 23.6% for cultivars Labelle and BR-IRGA 409, respectively, as the N rates increased. The results suggest that a high concentration of N on leaf sheaths of plants from cultivars Labelle and BR-IRGA 409 favored sheath blight development.

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The Role of Mineral Nutrition in Defense

Cited by 107 publications

References 13 publications

Influência da nutrição mineral na intensidade da mancha-de-olho-pardo em mudas de cafeeiro

Influência da nutrição mineral na intensidade da mancha-de-olho-pardo em mudas de cafeeiro

Sensitivity of fungi to urea, ammonium nitrate and their quimolar solution UAN

Influence of Nitrogen Content on Rice Leaf Sheaths on Sheath Blight Development

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