The Role of MicroRNAS in Ankylosing Spondylitis

Abstract

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common and genetically heterozygous inflammatory rheumatic disease characterized by new bone formation, ankylosis and inflammation of hip, sacroiliac joints and spine. Until now, there is no method for early diagnosis of AS and the effective treatment available for AS patients remain largely undefined.We searched articles indexed in PubMed (MEDLINE) database using Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) or Title/Abstract words (“microRNA” and “ankylosing spondylitis”) from inception up to November 2015.Genetic polymorphisms of miRNAs and their targets might alter the risk of AS development whereas certain miRNAs exhibit correlation with inflammatory index.Let-7i and miR-124 were upregulated whereas miR-130a was downregulated in circulating immune cells of AS patients. These deregulated miRNAs could modulate key immune cell functions, such as cytokine response and T-cell survival.miRNA deregulation is key to AS pathogenesis. However, clinical utilization of miRNAs for management of AS patients requires further support from future translational studies.

Changes in MiRNA-5196 Expression as a Potential Biomarker of Anti-TNF-α Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients

“…Indeed, there are currently no straightforward predictors of a good response to anti-TNF-α drugs and significant percentage of patients fail to respond to treatment (25–38% of etanercept patients, 21–42% of infliximab patients) (Seymour et al 2001 ). Recent studies have shown that miRNA play an important role in RA and AS diagnosis and dysregulated miRNA expression seems to contribute to the molecular mechanisms of the disease (Chen et al 2015 ; Li et al 2016 ; Prajzlerova et al 2017 ). MiRNAs are short (approximately 21 nucleotides long) non-coding RNAs that can influence mRNA processing at the post-transcriptional level.…”

miR-10b-5p is a novel Th17 regulator present in Th17 cells from ankylosing spondylitis

“…Studies of AS blood and serum have implicated miRs in AS 9. However, the miR profile of AS Th17 cells has not been studied previously.…”

MicroRNA-199a-5p Induced Autophagy and Inhibits the Pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Modulating the mTOR Signaling via Directly Targeting Ras Homolog Enriched in Brain (Rheb)

“…Increasing evidence has shown that aberrant miRNA expression is linked to the regulation of autophagy [16]. Studies have shown that miR-150, miR-342-5p, miR-16, miR-221, miR-99b, let-7b, let-7i, and miR-513-5p were higher and that miR-218, miR-30e, miR-199a-5p, miR-409-3p, and miR-215 were lower in the T cells of AS than in healthy counterparts [17]. MiR-199a-5p, a recently discovered miR, has been reported to be dynamically regulated in the T cells of AS patients, suggesting that miR-199a-5p may play a role in the development of AS.…”